HEART FAILURE

Question 1

What is the reasons of heart failure

Answer 1

Htn and cad

Question 2

Systolic dysfunction due to

Answer 2

Reduce contractillity and reduce mass due to mi

Question 3

Diastolic dysfunction due to

Answer 3

Restriction ventecular fill lead to stiffness and hypertrophy

Question 4

What is the compenasantary response to maintain circulation

Answer 4

1- tachycardia ,increase contractility
2- increase crease pre load by the water retention and sodium increase stroke volume
3- vasoconstriction
4- hypertrophy and remodelling

Question 5

What is the primary symptoms of hf

Answer 5

Dyspnea , excersie intolerance other symptoms pulmonary
PND , tachypnea , periphrlk edema , Orthoptera
المريض راح يملكة صعوبة بالتنفس من ينام بس تروح لما يكعد

Question 6

How to demonstrate the hypertrophy and edema

Answer 6

By radiograph and ecg

Question 7

How to demonstrate the systolic or diastolic fdysfunction

Answer 7

By echocardialgraph

Question 8

What is the functional class limitations

Answer 8

FC I : PATIENT HAVE NO ACTIVITY LIMITATION
FCII : PATIENT HAVE SLIGHT LIMITAYION
FCIII PATIENT HAVE MARKED LIMITAYTION
FC IV PATIENT HAVE NO CARRY ON ON ACTIVITY

Question 9

Even though there is renal impairment it will still work which one

Answer 9

Loop diuretics

Question 10

The cough 15% - 20% is common to discontinue ACEi , what is the alterninatve

Answer 10

Bradykinine limited breakdown , might be change with sacubitril \ valsartan

Question 11

What is the recommended ARBS

Answer 11

Candesartan , valsartan , losartan

Question 12

Best arni is ?

Answer 12

Sacubtril/valsartan

Question 13

Most common side effect of arni

Answer 13

Cough , hyperkalemia, angioedema {sacubtril/valsartan }, dizziness , renal impairment

Question 14

Diuressis and Naturesis is enhanced by

Answer 14

The ing of neprilysin enzyme , which is responsible of degrade of bradykinie and vasodilation and Naturesis and diuresis

Question 15

Arni is contraindicated in ?

Answer 15

Patient with angioedema, renal impairment , due to ACEi and ARBS

Question 16

Pattering with absence of the cardio genie shock

Answer 16

Held the beta blocker medication

Question 17

Patient with pulmonary distress

Answer 17

Due to pulmonary edema restrict the fluid intake , <2g

Question 18

Irreversible advanced HF treated with

Answer 18

Cardiac transplantation

Question 19

Patient with ADHF which drugs is the first line

Answer 19

Diuretics are the first line of

Question 20

For patient with diuressis resistant

Answer 20

Can be treated with iv bolus transition to iv diuresis , then with diuretic with different mechanism

Question 21

What are vasopressin receptors

Answer 21

They are v1a and V2 v1 are located in epithelial and myocardium causes vasoconstriction and positive ionotrop and v2 are located in the renal tubular to control the water abosorption