Heart Function and Flow

Question 1

Deoxigenated blood coming from the body enters the ….

Answer 1

Right Atrium

Question 2

From the Right Atrium, blood flows through the _____ into the ________.

Answer 2

Tricuspid Valve , Right Ventricle

Question 3

When Right ventricle contracts it closes the _____ and opens the _____.

Answer 3

Tricuspid valve, Pulmonary valve

Question 4

The pulmonary valve carries blood to the …

Answer 4

Right and Left Lungs.

Question 5

Venules in the Lungs are branches of the …

Answer 5

Pulmonary Veins

Question 6

Four Pulmonary veins carry oxigenated blood from the ____ to the ______.

Answer 6

Lung, to Left Atrium of the Heart

Question 7

Oxigenated blood flows from the Left Atrium through the ____ or ____ valve.

Answer 7

Mitral or bicuspid

Question 8

Contraction of the Left Ventrical closes the ____ valve and opens the _____ valve.

Answer 8

mitral, aortic

Question 9

The Right and Left Coronary arteries branch off of the _____.

Answer 9

Aorta

Question 10

The coronary arteries supply both the _____ and the _____.

Answer 10

Heart , and Body.

Question 11

Tachycardia

Answer 11

Greater than 100 beats per minute.

Question 12

Bradycardia

Answer 12

Less than 60 beats per min.

Question 13

Gallop Rythm

Answer 13

4 heart sounds instead of 2. Abnormal. Indication of Heart failure.

Question 14

Premature Atrial/Nodal Contractions

Answer 14

a beat of atrial/nodal nature that comes earlier than expected.

Question 15

Premature Ventricular Contractions (aka: Ectopic Heartbeat)

Answer 15

Beat of ventricular origin that comes earlier than the next (skipped beat). Can be found in normal heart or w/problems like ischemia.

Question 16

Sinus Arrhythamia

Answer 16

Heart rate speeds up with inspiration and slows with expiration.

Question 17

Atrial fibrillation

Answer 17

Ventricular rhythm irregular, though short periods of regular rhythm present too. Main cause of stroke in elderly.

Question 18

Ventricular Fibrillation

Answer 18

Parts of ventricle depolarize in erratic manner. EKG shows random, unrelated pattern. No recognizable QRS complex. Usually fatal.

Question 19

P Waves on EKG

Answer 19

Atrial Depolarization (activation)

Question 20

QRS Complex on EKG

Answer 20

Ventricular Depolarization (activation)

Question 21

T wave on EKG

Answer 21

Ventricular repolarization (activation)

Question 22

Systole

Answer 22

Pressure during the period of ventricular contraction

Question 23

Diastolic

Answer 23

Minimum level of pressure during ventricular relaxation.

Question 24

Normal Blood Pressure

Answer 24

below 120/80

Question 25

Prehypertension

Answer 25

120- 129 Systole, 80-89 Diastole

Question 26

Stage 1 Hypertension

Answer 26

140 -159 Systole, 90-99 Diastole

Question 27

Stage 2 Hypertension

Answer 27

Systole 160 or higher, Diastole 100 or higher

Question 28

Essential Hypertension

Answer 28

HBP with no identifiable cause

Question 29

Portal Hypertension

Answer 29

HBP in branches of the portal vein (brings blood from intestine to Liver)

Question 30

Secondary Hypertension

Answer 30

Underlying, identifiable correctable cause for HBP 5-10% of population has this.

Question 31

Pulmonary Hypertension

Answer 31

HBP in arteries of Lung. Right side works harder.

Question 32

Orthostatic Hypotension

Answer 32

AKA: Postural Hypotension. When BP falls when person stands up. Increases with age.

Question 33

CPR 1.2.3.

Answer 33

1. Open Airway. 2. 30 chest thrusts/ 2 breaths 3. Do 4 times then check pulse/breath.

Question 34

Deep Vein Thrombosis

Answer 34

Blood clot in a deep vein of body. Biggest threat is that it will dislodge and travel to Lung, become pulmonary embolism. Swelling in extremity, redness, hot. Or asymptomatic.

Question 35

Mesenteric Thrombosis

Answer 35

Blood clot that block the mesentric vein that is in tissue connecting intestine to back of abdominal wall. Risks: BC Pills, Portal HBP, smokers, hyper-coagulable blood.

Question 36

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 36

Arteries loose elasticity in walls and blood supply and oxygen is limited to Heart.

Question 37

Artherosclerosis

Answer 37

Fatty deposits (Plaque) accumulates in walls of coronary arteries. High blood cholesterol cause common.

Question 38

Desirable overall level of Cholesterol

Answer 38

< 200mg/dL or <5.2 mmol/L

Question 39

Borderline High RiskCholesterol levels

Answer 39

200-239 mg/dl or 5.2 -6.2 mmol/L

Question 40

High Risk Cholesterol levels

Answer 40

>240 mg/dl or >6.2 mmol/L

Question 41

Normal Tryglyceride Levels

Answer 41

<150 mg/dl or <1.69 mmol/L

Question 42

High Tryglyceride levels

Answer 42

200-498 mg/dl or 2.25 - 5.63 mmol/L

Question 43

Low HDL Cholesterol is _____ for Heart disease.

Answer 43

Heightened risk.

Question 44

Low HDL for Men is ______ and women is _____

Answer 44

<40 mm/dl (<1.03 ), <50 mm/dl

Question 45

High HDL is:

Answer 45

Protective against Heart disease (>60 mg/dl or > 1.55 mg/dl)

Question 46

High LDL is _________ for heart disease.

Answer 46

A greater risk.

Question 47

Optimal LDL is :

Answer 47

<100 mg/dl or < 2.6 mmo/L

Question 48

High LDL is:

Answer 48

160 -189 mg//dl or 4.1-4.9 mmol/L