Functions and Disorders of the Nervous System Flashcards
Alzheimer’s
The most common cause of dementia: brain cells degenerate. Tx: cholinergetic enhancers ( Aricept-donepezil), Antidepressants (Remeron-mirtazapine), provogil, NSAIDs, Ginko Biloba.
Parkenson’s
Degenerative of CNS, nerve tissue and neurotransmtter production. Tx: levodopa,( Dopamine precursor), anticholinergics.
Stroke (CVA)
Aneurism, trauma or vascular malformation =Wet Stroke. Blood clot, Thrombus or Embolus= Dry FOREHEAD DOES WRINKLE. Stroke TX: Wet: Keep BP low. Dry: Coumadin, aspirin
TIA
A temporarry deficiency in blood supply to brain. Like a stroke but temporarry and reversable. Tx: First antiplatlettes, then anticoagulants, severe: arterial bypass.
Trigerminal Neuralgia
Disorder of CN V along one or more sensory divisions. S/s: Excruciating pain lasting seconds to 2 min aggravated by touch. TX: Carbamazepine, phenytoin, amitriptyline. Severe: Craniectomy of CN V.
Bell’s Palsy
Unilateral facial/motor weakness d/t dysfunction of CN VII. FOREHEAD DOES NOT WRINKLE. Tx: Steriods.
Brain Cerebrum Functions
Cognative Motor Control, Memory, sensory awareness. Speech, taste, vision.
Cerebellum
Coodination and integration of motor skills, balance, motor learning, voluntary mvmt.
Thalamus
Information processing back to cerebrum, sleep and awake states, regulate motor functions.
Hypothalamus
Control of emotions, BP regulation, thirst, heart rate, sleep cycles, body temp (poiklothermia), water balance.
Brain Stem
Establishes respiratory rhythm, heart rate, peripheral blood flow.
Neurons (Nerve cells) 3 parts
- Soma (body) 2. Dendrites branches (receivers of info. 3. Axons (send info.)
Neurotransmitters (3)
- Substance P (peptide) Transmitts pain (inflammation) 2. Enkephalins (block pain), 3. Endorphins (block pain)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Brain and spinal chord. Cant regenerate.
Peripheral nervous System (PNS)
- Autonomic (parasympathetic/sympathetic) 2. Voluntary (Cranial/ Spinal Nerves)
