Heart Notes

Question 1

What do the right and left atria do?

Answer 1

Receive blood from body/lungs and send it to the ventricles

Question 2

What type of blood does the right atrium carry?

Answer 2

Deoxygenated blood

Question 3

What type of blood does the left atrium carry?

Answer 3

Oxygenated blood

Question 4

What function do the right and left ventricles serve?

Answer 4

Receive blood from atria and send it to lungs/body

Question 5

What type of blood does the right ventricle pump?

Answer 5

Deoxygenated blood

Question 6

What type of blood does the left ventricle pump?

Answer 6

Oxygenated blood

Question 7

What do coronary arteries and veins do?

Answer 7

Supply the heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients

Question 8

What does the anterior (superior) vena cava do?

Answer 8

Brings deoxygenated blood from the head & upper body

Question 9

What does the posterior (inferior) vena cava do?

Answer 9

Brings deoxygenated blood from the lower body

Question 10

Where do both vena cavas drain?

Answer 10

Into the right atrium

Question 11

What is the function of the aorta?

Answer 11

Sends oxygenated blood to the body

Question 12

What do pulmonary arteries carry?

Answer 12

Deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to lungs

Question 13

What do pulmonary veins carry?

Answer 13

Oxygenated blood from lungs to the left atrium

Question 14

What is the pulmonary trunk?

Answer 14

Carries blood from right ventricle (via semilunar valve) and splits into left and right pulmonary arteries

Question 15

What are atrioventricular valves (AV Valves)?

Answer 15

Separate atria from ventricles and prevent backflow

Question 16

What is the right AV valve also known as?

Answer 16

Tricuspid valve

Question 17

What is the left AV valve also known as?

Answer 17

Bicuspid (mitral) valve

Question 18

What do chordae tendineae do?

Answer 18

Hold AV valves in place and prevent inversion

Question 19

What are semilunar valves?

Answer 19

Half-moon shaped valves that prevent backflow from arteries into ventricles

Question 20

Where is the pulmonary valve located?

Answer 20

Between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk

Question 21

Where is the aortic valve located?

Answer 21

Between left ventricle and aorta

Question 22

What is the septum?

Answer 22

Muscular wall separating right and left ventricles

Question 23

What is the role of the SA Node?

Answer 23

Natural pacemaker that keeps heartbeat regular

Question 24

Where is the SA Node located?

Answer 24

Dorsal wall of right atrium

Question 25

What is the function of the AV Node?

Answer 25

Receives signal from SA node and sends signal to ventricles to contract

Question 26

What are Purkinje fibers?

Answer 26

Network of nerves that coordinate simultaneous ventricular contraction

Question 27

What is the function of the cardiac center?

Answer 27

Adjusts heartbeat via autonomic nerves

Question 28

What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 28

Slows heart rate and decreases SA and AV node activity

Question 29

What does the sympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 29

Increases heart rate and increases SA and AV node activity

Question 30

What is blood pressure?

Answer 30

Pressure exerted by blood on vessel walls

Question 31

How is blood pressure measured?

Answer 31

Systolic / Diastolic (e.g., 120/80 mmHg)

Question 32

What is systolic pressure?

Answer 32

Highest pressure during ventricular contraction

Question 33

What is diastolic pressure?

Answer 33

Lowest pressure during ventricular relaxation

Question 34

Where is blood pressure highest?

Answer 34

In the aorta

Question 35

What are the systems that maintain blood pressure?

Answer 35

* Nervous System * Excretory System * Circulatory System

Question 36

What does the sphygmomanometer measure?

Answer 36

Blood pressure

Question 37

What is the first sound heard when measuring blood pressure?

Answer 37

Systolic pressure

Question 38

What is the sound that disappears when measuring blood pressure?

Answer 38

Diastolic pressure

Question 39

What is hypertension?

Answer 39

High blood pressure (e.g., 160/95)

Question 40

What is hypotension?

Answer 40

Low blood pressure (e.g., 110/80)