Heat, temperature, thermal energy, state of matter Flashcards
(12 cards)
Temperature
Temperature (T) is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
Thermal energy
Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance.
Heat
Heat (Q) is the transfer of thermal energy from a hotter object to a cooler one until thermal equilibrium is reached. It transfers through conduction, convection, or radiation.
Solid distance between particles
Solid particles are tightly packed in a fixed shape.
Liquid distance between particles
Liquid particles are loosely packed.
Gas distance between particles
Gas particles are relatively far apart.
Solid particle movements
They are slowly vibrating but attractive forces between forces between the particles prevent them from moving
Liquid particle movements
Liquid particles can slide past each other because they can overcome some of the attractive forces between them.
Gas particle movements
the particles can move father apart and move freely of each other because the kinetic energy of the particles is greater than the attractive force between them.
Solid temperature
Low relative temperature
Liquid temperature
Moderate relative temperature
Gas temperature
High relative temperature
