Heavy Metals

Question 1

Lead poisoning

Answer 1

Plumbism/Saturnism

Question 2

Sources of Lead

Answer 2

Canned goods, Automobile exhaust
Wine glasses, Old pipes, Cables
Paints, Jewelry, Toys

Question 3

Acute poisoning of Lead

Answer 3

Acute abdominal colic and CNS changes

Question 4

Chronic Toxicity of Lead

Answer 4

Peripheral neuropathy (Wrist drop)
Anorexia
Anemia
Weight Loss
Tremor

Question 5

Treatment of Lead Poisoning

Answer 5

Mild: Oral succimer
Severe: EDTA (+ BAL for encephalitis)
Penicillamine

Question 6

S/S of Pb poisoning

Answer 6

Pb encephalopathy
Hemolytic Anemia
Abdomical Colic
Elevated Liver Enzymes
Pb palsy - wrist/foot drop
Milky vomitus
Black stools
Fanconi-like syndrome ( proteinuria- hematuria)

Question 7

Cadmium Toxicity

Answer 7

Itai-Itai Disease

Question 8

Sources of Cadmium

Answer 8

Anti-dandruff Shampoos, Smoke & stink bamboos, solder (metal alloys)

Question 9

Signs and Symptoms of Cd Poisoning

Answer 9

Osteomalacia, Fractures. Renal Abnormalities, Gait disturbances

Question 10

Treatment for Cad Toxicity

Answer 10

EDTA + Glutathione

Question 11

Mercury Poisoning

Answer 11

Minamata Disease - Consumption of fish

Question 12

MOA of Mercury toxicity

Answer 12

Coagulation of protein by binding to -SH groups

Question 13

S/S of Mercury Poisoning

Answer 13

Erethism - Behavioral changes
Acrodynia
Gingivitis

Question 14

Treatment of Mercury poisoning

Answer 14

Acute: BAL, Unithiol, Succimer
Chronic: Na formaldehyde sulfoxylate

Question 15

Arsenic

Answer 15

Lewisite Metal

Question 16

Used of Arsenic

Answer 16

Chemical Warfare Agent
Manufacture of insecticides and glasswares

Question 17

Choice of professional poisoners

Answer 17

Arsenic

Question 18

MOA of Arsenic toxicity

Answer 18

Coagulation of protein by binding to -SH groups

Question 19

S/S of Arsenic Poisoning

Answer 19

Aldrich-Mee’s Line
Black line on gums
Garlic odor of breath
Luminous vomit
Alopecia
Hyperkeratosis

Question 20

Antidote of Arsenic Toxicity

Answer 20

BAL, Dimercaprol
(+ Penicillamine)

Question 21

Aluminum is __ most abundant element and _____ abundant element on EARTH

Answer 21

3rd most abundant element
Most abundant element on EARTH

Question 22

Uses of Aluminum

Answer 22

Astringent, Antacid

Question 23

Aluminum Poisoning

Answer 23

Aluminosis / Shaver’s Disease - Lung fibrosis

Question 24

Antidote for Aluminum Poisoning

Answer 24

Deferoxamine

Question 25

Zinc is used in

Answer 25

Galvanizing of Iron and container for battery cells

Question 26

Zinc Toxicity

Answer 26

Metal Fume Fever - inhalation of metals or fumes

Question 27

Zinc Deficiency

Answer 27

Parakeratosis

Question 28

Treatment

Answer 28

NSAIDs, Bed rest

Question 29

Iron is used for

Answer 29

Hemoglobin & myoglobin production

Question 30

Lethal Dose of Iron

Answer 30

Lethal Dose: 200-300mg/kg-

Question 31

Toxic Dose of Iron

Answer 31

>600 mg/kg

Question 32

Stage 1 of Iron Poisoning

Answer 32

GI Phase Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, GI bleeding, hypotension

Question 33

Stage 2 of Iron Poisoning

Answer 33

Latent phase clinical improvement seen 624 hours postingestion

Question 33

Stage 3 of Fe Poisoning

Answer 33

Metabolic and CV Phase Metabolic acidosis, renal & hepatic failure, sepsis, pulmonary edema, coma

Question 34

Stage 4 and 5 of Iron Poisoning

Answer 34

Stage 4: Hepatic phase Liver failure Hypoglycemia Stage 5: Delayed phase Scarring of GI Tract Bowel obstruction

Question 34

Antidote for Iron Poisoning

Answer 34

Deferoxamine, Deferoxime, Deferasirox

Question 35

Copper Toxicity

Answer 35

Copperiedus Wilson's Disease

Question 36

Copper sources

Answer 36

IUD Copper cook wares

Question 37

Antidote for Copper Toxicity

Answer 37

Penicillamine

Question 38

Glucose tolerance Factor

Answer 38

Chromium

Question 39

Toxicity of Chromium

Answer 39

Acute (Ingestion) GIT Corrosion Organ damage Fatal Chronic (Inhalation/Skin Contact) Resp tract infection Lung cancer

Question 40

Manganese Toxicity

Answer 40

Manganism

Question 41

Antidote for Manganese poisoning

Answer 41

EDTA p-amino-salicylic acid

Question 42

Thallium Poisoning Antidote

Answer 42

Prussian Blue / Ferric ferrocyanide