HEENT

Question 1

Submandibular abscess presents a(n) _____ emergency

Answer 1

airway

Question 2

tear fluid origin

Answer 2

lacrimal gland

Question 3

tear drainage site

Answer 3

punctum to lacrimal sac and into nose via nasolacrimal duct

Question 4

controls pupillary size

Answer 4

iris

Question 5

controls thickness of lens

Answer 5

ciliary body

Question 6

fundus

Answer 6

contains retina, choroid, fovea, macula, optic disc and retinal vessels

Question 7

Ossicles

Answer 7

incus, malleus, stapes

Question 8

Conductive hearing

Answer 8

external & middle ear

Question 9

sensorineural phase/hearing

Answer 9

cochlea and cochlear nerve (CN8)

Question 10

functions of the nose 3

Answer 10

humidification, temperature control of inspired air, cleansing

Question 11

anterior triangle of neck

Answer 11

mandible, sternomastoid, midline of neck

Question 12

posterior triangle of neck

Answer 12

sternomastoid, clavicle, trapezius

Question 13

presbyopia

Answer 13

far sighted

Question 14

myopia

Answer 14

nearsighted

Question 15

scotomas

Answer 15

dark area/spot surrounded by normal vision

Question 16

diplopia

Answer 16

double vision

Question 17

nevi

Answer 17

moles

Question 18

snellin eye chart

Answer 18

20 feet from chart, cover an eye, read lines.

Question 19

soft palate innervation

Answer 19

CN X

Question 20

thyroid overlays which tracheal rings

Answer 20

2,3,4

Question 21

Difficult intubation indications

Answer 21

radiation to neck: fibrosis, immobility of larynx. Recent craniotomy: limited mobility. Smoking: Salivation, cough, laryngospasm. Aspiration risk from paryngeal pouch

Question 22

Mallampati score

Answer 22

Class I, fully visible tonsils, uvula and soft palate. Class II: visibility of hard and soft palage, upper portion of tonsils and uvula Class III: Soft and hard palate and base of uvula are visible. Class 4: Only hard palate visible.

Question 23

Abnormal facies

Answer 23

Cushing’s syndrome. Nephrotic Syndrome, parotid gland enlargement, acromegally, parkinsons

Question 24

Sx for cushing’s

Answer 24

(increased adrenal cortisol production produces a round “moon” face with red cheeks, also may have excessive hair growth on face.

Question 25

Nephrotic Syndrome

Answer 25

Face is edematous and often pale. Swelling first appears around the eyes and in the morning. Eyes may become slit-like when swelling is severe

Question 26

Parotid Gland enlargement

Answer 26

swelling is anterior to eyelobes and above angles of jaw (unilateral)

Question 27

Acromegally

Answer 27

increased GH causes enlargement of bone and soft tissues.

Question 28

Parkinson's disease

Answer 28

decreased facial mobility-blunts expression-mask-like facies.

Question 29

Abnormalities of the eyes

Answer 29

Ptosis, exopthalmos, cataract, glass eye, corneal abrasion

Question 30

Ptosis

Answer 30

drooping of the upper eye lid caused by myasthenia gravis (dmg to occulomotor nerve, or damage to sympathetic nerve supply (horner's)

Question 31

exopthalmos

Answer 31

protrusion of eyeball, common with grave's disease

Question 32

cataract

Answer 32

opacities of lenses visible through the pupil, risk factors: old age, smoking, diabetes, corticosteroid use.

Question 33

glass eye

Answer 33

limits based on pupillary reaction

Question 34

corneal abrasion

Answer 34

complication of anesthesia

Question 35

Abnormalities of ears (chance of being on test <1%)

Answer 35

keloid, tophi, rheumatoid nodules, basal cell carcinoma

Question 36

abnormalities of pharynx

Answer 36

exudative tonsillitis, torus palatinus, hairy leukoplakia, thrush.

Question 37

exudative tonsillitis

Answer 37

whitish exudate on the tonsils that when paired with fever and enlarged lymph nodes = group A strap or strep throat.

Question 38

Torus palatinus

Answer 38

midline bony growth in the hard palate that is fairly common in adults, harmless and does not predispose to difficult DL

Question 39

Hairy Leukoplakia

Answer 39

whitish raised areas with a feathery pattern most often affecting the sides of the tongue. Unlike candida, these cannot be scraped off-seen in HIV/AIDS infection

Question 40

Thrush

Answer 40

Yeast infection forming whitish plaques from Candida albicans-associated with prolonged antibiotic/corticosteroid use & AIDS