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Paige: Wittle Babies and Sweaty Adolescents > HEENT > Flashcards

Flashcards in HEENT Deck (26)
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1
Q

where is your favorite place in the world?

A

brainscape, duh

2
Q

at what age does the anterior fontanelle close

A

10-24 months

3
Q

at what age does the posterior fontanelle close?

A

2 months

4
Q

until what age do you measure head circumference?

A
36 months
(why don't people just say 3 years)
5
Q

is a pulsating fontanelle normal?

A

yes

or no and d/t increased ICP

6
Q

is a depressed anterior fontanelle normal?

A

no, indicates dehydration or malnutrition

7
Q
microcephaly
craniosynostosis
hyperthyroidism
hyperparathyroidism
hypophosphatasia
...all can cause?
A

premature close of the fontanelles

this is common in a normal baby too

8
Q
primary megalencephaly
congenital hypothyroidism
elevated ICP
down syndrome
ricket's
...all can cause?
A

delayed closure of anterior fontanelle

9
Q

premature closure of cranial sutures, esp in twins or babies whose mothers had uterine abnormalities, is known as….

A

craniosynostosis

10
Q

which suture does craniosynostosis MC affect?

A

sagittal

11
Q

what are complications of craniosynostosis?

A

increased ICP
inhibited brain growth
cognitive defects

12
Q

how do you treat craniosynostosis?

A

surgical intervention between 8-12mos

13
Q

what skull abnormality is d/t babies lying supine in bed?

A

deformational (AKA positional) plagiocephaly

14
Q

by what age should deformational/positional plagiocephaly resolve?

A

2y

15
Q

how do you differentiate deformational/positional plagiocephaly from craniosynostosis?

A

in plagiocephaly, one ear will be anteriorly displaced

16
Q

what is it called in strabismus when one eye abducts and the other adducts?

A

hering’s law

17
Q

what is it called in strabismus when one eye contracts and the other relaxes?

A

sherrington’s law

18
Q

amblyopia is a complication of strabismus. what is it?

A

lazy eye

19
Q

what 2 tests do you do to check if the strabismus is actually pseudostrabismus?

A

corneal light reflex (should be even)

cover-uncover test (no drifting)

20
Q

pt presents with right purulent drainage, epistaxis, unilateral nasal obstruction, and mouth breathing. what should you suspect?

A

nasal foreign body

usually below the inferior turbinates

21
Q

what nasal foreign body can cause tissue necrosis in 4 hours?

A

small batteries

22
Q

what nasal foreign body cannot be manually removed and can cause septal perforation?

A

a magnet on each side of the nose

lol damn kids

23
Q

pseudocysts of minor salivary glands

are swellings on buccal mucosa

A

mucoceles

24
Q

pseudocysts of sublingual glands and submandibular ducts

are a bluish swelling on the floor of the mouth

A

ranulas

25
Q

how should ya’ll treat a pseudocyst?

A

DON’T

refer to ENT to excise

26
Q

what is the MC illness in children?

A

asthma