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Aircraft Structures and Design 1Aero > Helicopter > Flashcards

Helicopter Flashcards

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1
Q

Tandem rotor helicopters do not require a:

A. swash plate
B. tail rotor
C. flapping hinge

A

B. tail rotor

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2
Q

The airfoil used on helicopter horizontal
stabilizer are usually:

A. inverted
B. hi-camber
C. NACA series

A

A. inverted

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3
Q

What rotor systems are commonly used on
helicopters:

A. symmetrical, assymetrical and swash-plate
B. constant-speed, variable-speed and oil
controlled.
C. single-rotor, co-axial, tandem and
intermeshing

A

C. single-rotor, co-axial, tandem and
intermeshing

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4
Q

The three types of horizontal stabilizer design are:

A. Fenestron, NOTAR and conventional
B. forward-mounted, aft-mounted and T-tail
C. Constant speed, variable and
ground-adjustable

A

B. forward-mounted, aft-mounted and T-tail

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5
Q

Helicopters are examples of:

A. bladed propeller airfoil
B. fixed wing aeroplanes
C. rotary wing aircraft

A

C. rotary wing aircraft

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6
Q

Traditional tail rotor, Fenestron and the NOTAR
are examples of:

A. altitude control
B. rotor blade velocity control
C. anti-torque control

A

C. anti-torque control

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7
Q

The tail rotor drive system is powered by:

A. the main transmission
B. a dedicated isolated drive system
C. the cyclic pitch

A

A. the main transmission

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8
Q

The pylon (or vertical fin) may also provide
limited antitorque:

A. at all speed regimes
B. at cruise speed
C. within certain speed ranges

A

C. within certain speed ranges

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9
Q

Coning is caused by the combined forces of:

A. lift and centrifugal force
B. ground effect and torque
C. flapping and lift

A

A. lift and centrifugal force

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10
Q

When speed increases, induced drag:

A. increases
B. decreases
C. remain constant

A

B. decreases

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11
Q

The tip path plane:

A. is the same as the plane of rotation
B. is different from the plane of rotation
C. is perpendicular to the plane of rotation

A

B. is different from the plane of rotation

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12
Q

Ground effect is the:

A. increased efficiency of the rotor system
B. decreased efficiency of the rotor system
C. increase in induced drag near the ground

A

A. increased efficiency of the rotor system

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13
Q

In steady forward flight:
A. L=W, T>D
B. L=W, T=D
C. L>W, T>D

A

B. L=W, T=D

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14
Q

VNE means:
A. New Effective Speed, and is marked on ASI
as green line
B. Next Elevated Speed, and is marked on ASI
as amber band
C. Never Exceed Speed, and is marked on ASI
as a red line

A

C. Never Exceed Speed, and is marked on ASI
as a red line

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15
Q

Flapping is:
A. the fore and aft movement of the rotor
blades on a rigid rotor system
B. the up and down movement of rotor blades
about a hinge on a fully articulated rotor
system
C. the change in pitch due to load on a
semi-rigid system

A

B. the up and down movement of rotor blades
about a hinge on a fully articulated rotor
system

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16
Q

The force which tends to pull the blades
straight outward from the main rotor hub is
termed:
A. Centrifugal
B. Centripetal
C. Torsional

A

A. Centrifugal

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17
Q

Blade twist as it applies to main rotor means:
A. different blade stations have the same
pitch angle to compensate for speed
B. pitch angle increases from root to tip
C. pitch angle decreases from root to tip

A

C. pitch angle decreases from root to tip

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18
Q

The forward speed of a rotorcraft is restricted
primarily by:
A. transverse flow effect
B. high-frequency vibration
C. dissymmetry of lift

A

C. dissymmetry of lift

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19
Q

One effect of “coning” of the main rotor blades
is the:
A. decrease in AoA
B. increase in rotor rpm
C. conservation of angular velocity

A

B. increase in rotor rpm

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20
Q

Gyroscopic precession means:
A. the resultant action or deflection of a
spinning object when a force is applied to
this object
B. the change in rotational speed due to gust
or uncommanded rpm input
C. The delay in the movement of rotating tail
rotor due to Coriolis Effect

A

A. the resultant action or deflection of a
spinning object when a force is applied to
this object

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21
Q

Tail strike on single-rotor helicopters is most likely to occur in:

A. Forward flight
B. Rearward flight
C. Sideward flight

A

B. Rearward flight

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22
Q

Autorotation:
A. Is permitted aerodynamically if the tail
rotor fails
B. is not permitted in any conditions due to
safety issues
C. is permitted mechanically by a
freewheeling unit

A

C. is permitted mechanically by a
freewheeling unit

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23
Q

The total lift force:
A. is always perpendicular to the tip-path
plane of the main rotor
B. is always parallel to the tip-path plane
of the main rotor
C. is always at an angle to the tip-path
plane of the main rotor

A

A. is always perpendicular to the tip-path
plane of the main rotor

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24
Q

In a single-engine helicopter in forward flight,
the angle of attack of advancing blade is:
A. more than the retreating blade
B. equal to the retreating blade
C. less than the retreating blade

A

C. less than the retreating blade

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25
Helicopters that are designed with tandem rotors do not have an antitorque rotor because: A. The enormous amount of thrust generated by the rotors cancels the need for a tail rotor B. both rotor systems rotating in opposite directions counteract the torque rather than a tail rotor C. They were certified to maintain sufficient dynamic stability
B. both rotor systems rotating in opposite directions counteract the torque rather than a tail rotor
26
It was noted on a piston helicopter that both main rotor rpm and manifold pressure is low. This can be corrected by: A. increasing the throttle B. increasing the collective pitch C. Increasing the cyclic pitch
A. increasing the throttle
27
Helicopter flight control inputs are: A. cyclic, collective, antitorque and throttle B. lateral, vertical and longitudinal C. directional, rotational, altitude and roll
A. cyclic, collective, antitorque and throttle
28
The purpose of midspan weight added to main rotor blade is to: A. maintain static balance B. Reduce dynamic balance C. increase inertia
C. increase inertia
29
K-coupling is the coupling between: A. flapping and feathering B. flapping and dragging C. feathering and dragging
A. flapping and feathering
30
Cyclic control varies the: A. pitch of the tail rotor blades B. pitch angle of all the main rotor blades collectively C. pitch of the rotor blades throughout each revolution of the main rotor system
C. pitch of the rotor blades throughout each revolution of the main rotor system
31
Collective control varies the: A. pitch of the tail rotor blades B. pitch angle of all the main rotor blades collectively C. pitch of the rotor blades throughout each revolution of the main rotor system
B. pitch angle of all the main rotor blades collectively
32
Chemical rain repellant should not be used on dry windshields because: A. it causes microcracks which propagates and become a No-Go Item over time B. it reduces/restricts visibility C. it reacts with plastic
B. it reduces/restricts visibility
33
The three basic classifications of main rotor system are: A. semi-rigid, rigid and fully articulated B. tandem, conventional and offset C. Clockwise, counter-clockwise and combined
A. semi-rigid, rigid and fully articulated
34
The basic components of the rotor system are: A. doubler, grip and torque link B. blade, swash-plate and pin C. mast, hub and rotor blades
C. mast, hub and rotor blades
35
How are main rotor systems classified: A. according to the number of blades and their relative position B. according to how the main rotor blades are attached and move relative to the main rotor hub C. according to ATA Chapter 61
B. according to how the main rotor blades are attached and move relative to the main rotor hub
36
What is the purpose of the swash plate assembly A. to convert stationary control inputs from the pilot into rotating inputs which can be connected to the rotor blades or control surfaces B. to convert rotating inputs from the pilot into stationary inputs which can be connected to the rotor blades or control surfaces C. to provide a means to control the movement of tail rotors through control of the main rotor system
A. to convert stationary control inputs from the pilot into rotating inputs which can be connected to the rotor blades or control surfaces
37
The part of the swash plate connected to the cyclic and collective pitch controls by a series of pushrods is called? A. flight control swash plate B. rotating swash plate C. stationary swash plate
C. stationary swash plate
38
A direct-drive helicopter engine or fixed turbine means that: A. all power produced by the engine is used to rotate the main rotor blades B. the first and second stage turbines are mechanically coupled to each other, sharing a common shaft C. N1 and N2 are independent of each other
B. the first and second stage turbines are mechanically coupled to each other
39
Main rotor and tail rotor drive systems and other accessories such as generators, alternators, and air conditioning is usually driven by: A. N1 B. N2 C. N3
B. N2
40
The purpose of the transmission system is to: A. Transfer energy from the horizontal pilot inputs to rotational output on the rotor systems B. transfer power from the rotating main rotor blades to turn the tail rotor blades C. transfer power from the engine to the main rotor, tail rotor, and other accessories during normal flight conditions
C. transfer power from the engine to the main rotor, tail rotor, and other accessories during normal flight conditions
41
The transmission system is: A. lubricated and cooled with their own oil supply B. lubricated with their own oil supply C. lubricated with their own oil supply and cooled by fuel heat exchanger
A. lubricated and cooled with their own oil supply
42
The engine output rpm, compared with the optimum rotor rpm is: A. slower B. faster C. the same
B. faster
43
Suppose the engine rpm of a specific helicopter is 2,700. A rotor speed of 450 rpm would require a: A. 6:1 reduction B. 1:6 reduction C. 33% reduction
A. 6:1 reduction
44
Helicopters usually have how many tachometers: A. 6 B. 4 C. 2
C. 2
45
When engine starter is engaged, the rotor is: A. disconnected from the engine B. positively seated on the engine C. free-wheeling
A. disconnected from the engine
46
Dual tachometers on helicopters would show the rpm or % rpm of: A. N1 and N2 B. Main rotor and tail rotor C. Engine and Main rotor
C. Engine and Main rotor
47
Where is a fuel drain valve usually located, and what is its function? A. topmost section of the fuel tank, and allows draining of vented fuel B. bottom of the fuel tank, and allows draining of water and sediment C. mid-section of the fuel tank, and allows draining of expanding fuel
B. bottom of the fuel tank, and allows draining of water and sediment
48
Most engine anti-ice system utilize: A. bleed air B. electrically heated tube C. ram air compressor
A. bleed air
49
Pilot’s compliance with the operating limitations specified in approved rotorcraft flight manuals: A. 14 CFR Part-91 B. 14 CFR Part-29 C. 14 CFR Part-27
A. 14 CFR Part-91
50
A green band on instrument markings indicates: A. maximum or minimum operation allowed B. caution or transition area C. range of continuous operation
C. range of continuous operation
51
Aside from the usual color markings, helicopter airspeed indicators sometimes have a blue line to: A. show the minimum safe autorotation speed B. show the maximum safe autorotation speed C. show the range of safe autorotation speed
B. show the maximum safe autorotation speed
52
The adverse impact of high rotor rpm is: A. possible structural damage B. insufficient lift C. engine fuel starvation
A. possible structural damage
53
Which of the following limits aircraft powerplant operations: A. inlet temperature B. fuel flow C. turbine outlet temperature
C. turbine outlet temperature
54
Fuel tanks: A. are usually mounted to the airframe as close as possible to the CG, to ensure negligible effect on the CG B. are usually mounted to the tail boom as far as possible to the CG, to ensure effective trimming C. are usually mounted to the airframe on the nose section to introduce a low pitch environment
A. are usually mounted to the airframe as close as possible to the CG, to ensure negligible effect on the CG
55
Helicopter cg is described as: A. a given number of inches from the reference datum B. percent of reference chord C. either forward or aft distance measured in centimeters from the main rotor axis of rotation
A. a given number of inches from the reference datum
56
The location of helicopter reference datum: A. is 100 inches from helicopter nose B. is cm from the tip of the most forward rotor blade C. depends on the manufacturer, as there is no fixed rule for its location
C. depends on the manufacturer, as there is no fixed rule for its location
57
Higher gross weight would translate to: A. increased power required to hover B. decreased power required to hover C. gross weight has no effect on power required to hover
A. increased power required to hover
58
How does high density altitude affect rotorcraft performance: A. Engine and rotor efficiency are increased B. Engine and rotor efficiency are reduced C. Increases rotor drag, requiring more power for normal flight
B. Engine and rotor efficiency are reduced
59
vX and vY refers to: A. Engine and rotor efficiency are increased B. Engine and rotor efficiency are decreased C. best angle of climb speed and best rate-of-climb speed
C. best angle of climb speed and best rate-of-climb speed
60
Deferral of rectification of inoperative equipment should in accordance with the: A. MMEL B. MEL C. CDL
B. MEL
61
Hot refueling means: A. Refueling of a turbine aircraft while the blades are turning B. Refueling of a turbine aircraft while the engines are still hot C. Refueling of a turbine aircraft while the passengers are disembarking
A. Refueling of a turbine aircraft while the blades are turning

Aircraft Structures and Design 1Aero (10 decks)

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