Hem/Onc Flashcards
(11 cards)
What are the clinical and laboratory features of acute hemolytic transfusion reaction?
onset w/in ONE HOUR of infusion
fever, chills, flank pain, infusion site discomfort, hemoglobinuria, DIC, renal failure
+ direct Coombs, pink plasma
What causes acute hemolytic transfusion reaction?
ABO incompatibility
What causes febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction?
Cytokines stored in the blood
What are the clinical features of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction?
fever, chills 1-6 after the onset of infusion (most common reaction)
What causes an anaphylactic transfusion reaction?
recipient anti-IgA antibodies, occurs within seconds to minutes
What causes urticarial/allergic transfusion reactions?
recipient IgE antibodies and mast cell degranulation, occurs within 2-3 hours
What causes delayed hemolytic transusion reactions?
anamnestic (secondary) antibody response, so you get sensitized the first time, and you react the second time you see the antigen.
Features of delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction
mild fever, hemolysis, + direct Coombs, new +antibody screen, onset 2-10 days after transfusion.
What causes transfusion-related lung injury?
Donor anti-leukocyte antibodies.
What is a possible hematologic sequel to infectious mononucleosis?
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia.
What causes the hematologic complication in infectious mononucleosis?
Cross-reactivity between anti-EBV Ab (cold agglutinins, anti-i antibodies) and red blood cells resulting in complement-mediated destruction. Usually Coombs+. Usually occurs 2-3 weeks after onset of symptoms.
