Hematologic part 3 Flashcards
What does Lymphoma mean?
Where does it travel to?
Neoplasm or cancer from lymph nodes
Travels into lymph tissue such as spleen, GI, liver, and bone marrow.
Two categories of lymphoma:
Hodgkin
Non-Hodgkin
What is Hodgkins Lymphoma?
Cancer of the lymph nodes due to Reed Sternberg cells
How common is Hodgkins Lymphoma and who will we see it in?
Hodgkins is rare.
Will see it in those on immunosuppressants and veterans or farmers that were exposed to Agent orange.
How does Hodgkins Lymphoma spread?
How does dx go?
Originates in a single node and then spreads along the lymphatic system.
It can take multiple biopsies to find those Reed sternberg cells so they’ll do a lot
What age will you start to see Hodgkins Lymphoma?
Earlys 20’s. After 50
What assessment do you want to be doing to catch Hodgkins?
Check the clavicular chains of the cervical, supra-clavicular, & mediastinal for enlarged lymph nodes that are painless and usually on one side of neck.
What is the viral component associated with Hodgkins lymphoma?
Hodgkins patients test positive for Epstein - Barr
What type of symptoms will be present for a patient whose hodgkins has infiltrated other parts of the body?
Compression in nature.
- numbness and tingling for patients with a tumor on the spine for example
How common are B symtptoms in Hodgkins?
40% more common
- flu symptoms
What do they try to eliminate when diagnosing hodkins?
Infectious causes
Diagnosis of hodgkin details?
Lymph node biopsy of the reed-sternberg cells Xray, CT of abdomen, chest, and pelvis to see how far the cancer has gone.
Bone marrow inspection
CBC for mild anemia
Early stage of Hodgkin Lymphoma treatment
Short course of chemo of 2-4 months
Followed by radiation treatment to the specific areas
Treatment for advanced stage of Hodgkins
Combo chemo with ABVD
- Adrimycin, Blenoxane, Velban, DTIC
Where is possible secondary malignancy that can develop with Hodgkins?
Lung and breast cancer
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)*****
What is Non-hodgkin Lymphoma?
New cells grow into lymph tissue from a single clone lymphocyte that is malignant
What is the nature of infiltration or spread with Non-hodgkins?
Non-Hodgkins spread is unpredictable. Can go in lymph nodes and nonlymph tissue.
What type of health history is common with Non-Hodgkins patients
Immunodeficiencies & autoimmune disorders
Previous cancer treatment
Organ transplant
Viral infections
Agent Orange exposure or chemicals like pesticides
Really a patient who is already sick.
Most common symptoms of Non-hodgkins?
Lymphadenopathy - enlarged lymph nodes
When is Non-hodgkins typically diagnosed?
Later stages bc only 1/3 of people have any flu-like symptoms or B symptoms. They walk around with it and have no clue
What is the usual occurrence that takes people in for Non-Hodgkins?
CNS compression symptoms
Diagnostic tests used for Non-hodgkins
CT
PET - shows metabolic activity of tumors
Bone marrow biopsy
CSF analysis if there’s CNS involvement
Localized Non-Hodgkins treatment?
Radiation
What is the aggressive combination chemo for Non-Hodgkins?
Monoclonal antibody
