Hematology

Question 1

what is the best test to determine presence of anemia?

Answer 1

hemoglobin

Question 2

anemia

Answer 2

decrease in hemoglobin

Question 3

erythrocytosis

Answer 3

increase in hemoglobin

Question 4

reference range of Hb in women

Answer 4

14 +/- 2

Question 5

level of Hb considered to be anemia in women

Answer 5

<11 g/dL

Question 6

reference range of Hb in men

Answer 6

16 +/- 2

Question 7

level of Hb considered to be anemia in men

Answer 7

<13 g/dL

Question 8

reference range for Hct in women

Answer 8

37-47%

Question 9

reference range for Hct in men

Answer 9

40-54%

Question 10

reference range for MCV

Answer 10

80-100 FL

Question 11

what type of anemia is determined by an increase in MCH?

Answer 11

macrocytic anemias

Question 12

what type of anemia is determined by a decrease in MCH?

Answer 12

microcytic and normocytic anemias

Question 13

what is the earliest indicator for anemia?

Answer 13

red blood cell distribution width (RDW)

Question 14

reference range for RDW

Answer 14

11-15%

Question 15

definition of anicocytosis

Answer 15

abnormality in RBC size

Question 16

hypochromatic

Answer 16

decreased MCHC

Question 17

hyperchromatic

Answer 17

increased MCHC

Question 18

polychromatic

Answer 18

reticulocytes, bluish coloration

Question 19

reference range for WBC count

Answer 19

4500-11000

Question 20

leukopenia

Answer 20

decrease in WBC count; viral infection

Question 21

leukocytosis

Answer 21

increase in WBC count; bacterial infection, general inflammation

Question 22

normal range for neutrophils

Answer 22

50-70%

Question 23

neutrophilia

Answer 23

elevation of neutrophils

Question 24

physiologic causes of neutrophilia

Answer 24

stress on body, pregnant, cold

Question 25

pathologic causes of neutrophilia

Answer 25

bacterial infection, general inflammation

Question 26

neutropenia

Answer 26

decrease in neutrophils

Question 27

causes of neutropenia

Answer 27

viral infections, bone marrow disease

Question 28

normal range of lymphocytes

Answer 28

20-40%

Question 29

lymphocytosis

Answer 29

elevations of lymphocytes

Question 30

causes of lymphocytosis

Answer 30

viral infections, stress, vaccinations

Question 31

lymphocytopenia/lymphopenia

Answer 31

decrease in lymphocytes

Question 32

causes of lymphopenia

Answer 32

bacterial infections

Question 33

normal range for monocytes

Answer 33

2-10%

Question 34

monocytosis

Answer 34

elevations of monocytes

Question 35

causes of monocytosis

Answer 35

autoimmune; good sign--recovery from infection

Question 36

normal range for eosinophils

Answer 36

~5%

Question 37

eosinophilia

Answer 37

elevations in eosinophils

Question 38

range for eosinophils in allergies

Answer 38

6-10%

Question 39

range for eosinophils in parasite infection

Answer 39

24-30%

Question 40

normal range of basophils

Answer 40

0-1%

Question 41

basophilia

Answer 41

elevations in basophils

Question 42

causes of basophilia

Answer 42

hypersensitivity reactions, myxedema, myeloproliferative conditions

Question 43

CBC findings in bacterial infections

Answer 43

leukocytosis with neutrophilia

Question 44

CBC findings in viral infections

Answer 44

leukopenia with lymphocytosis

Question 45

reference range for platelet count

Answer 45

150000-400000

Question 46

thrombocythemia

Answer 46

increase in platelets

Question 47

thrombocytopenia

Answer 47

decrease in platelets

Question 48

reference range for reticulocyte count

Answer 48

0.5-1.5%

Question 49

general inflammation tests

Answer 49

ESR and CRP

Question 50

poikilocytosis

Answer 50

cells are irregularly shaped

Question 51

rouleux

Answer 51

stack of RBCs, interruption of negative charge

Question 52

reference range for ESR in men under 40 yoa

Answer 52

1-15 mm/hr

Question 53

reference range for ESR in women under 40 yoa

Answer 53

1-20 mm/hr

Question 54

formula to calculate ESR in pts over 40 yoa

Answer 54

males: age/2 females: age +10/2

Question 55

CRP

Answer 55

acute phase reactant, sensitive, rises in 4-6 hrs after onset, half-life of 5-7 hrs

Question 56

spherocytes

Answer 56

slightly smaller RBCs, hereditary spherocytosis

Question 57

schistocyte

Answer 57

fragment of RBCs; traumatic hemolytic anemia

Question 58

bite cell

Answer 58

abnormal hemolysis, G6PD deficiency

Question 59

sickle cell

Answer 59

sickle-shaped, sickle cell anemia

Question 60

tear drop cell

Answer 60

myeloproliferative diseases (leukemias)

Question 61

codocyte (target cell)

Answer 61

thalassemia

Question 62

left shift

Answer 62

shift towards immaturity; infection