Hematology

Question 1

Reed-Sternberg cells are a sign for what type of Lymphoma?

Answer 1

Hodgkins Lymphoma

Question 2

What are aggravating or trigger factors for Sickling?

Answer 2

Excessive consumption of animal protein, not enough oxygen & any condition leading to dehydration

Question 3

Cyanocobalamin is also known as….

Answer 3

Vitamin B12 - found in animal sources - meat, Liver, eggs

Question 4

What is reasonable primary diagnosis for an 11 year old who complains of fatigue, developing frequent bruising, alternating fever & night sweats, common nose bleeding?

Answer 4

ALL - Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia S&S common with Aplastic Anemia as well but this wasn’t a choice)

Question 5

Most common cause of Neutrophilia is?

Answer 5

Acute bacterial infection

Question 6

Reticulocytosis can be seen as a result of what type of bleeding?

Answer 6

Chronic bleeding

Question 7

Autosplenectomy is a common side affect of what type of anemia?

Answer 7

Sickle cell anemia - rejection of cells bc of thrombosis and ischemia

Question 8

Most commonly, lymphocytosis is due to what?

Answer 8

Viral infection - common cold, second most common is lymphocytosis (check after 3 wks of primary presentation) and can signify an auto-immune condition, if immature think of WBC cancers/leukemia or lymphoma

Question 9

In iron deficiency anemia total iron binding capacity is increased or decreased?…

Answer 9

TIBC is Increased & ferritin levels are decreased

Question 10

What is the most likely pathogenesis of megaloblastic anemia?

Answer 10

Deficiency of DNA production in plasma cell

Question 11

Prominent jaundice is a characteristic of what kind of anemia?

Answer 11

Hemolytic

Question 12

What prominent etiology will lead to relative polycythemia?

Answer 12

Watery diarrhea for a few days

Question 13

Elderly female who is severely dehydrated will show with what type of polycythemia?

Answer 13

Relative Polycythemia; heat exhaustion, persistent watery diarrhea, persistent vomiting and loss of fluids or not consuming enough fluids (not bc blood cells increase in amount but bc water content is diminished)

Question 14

What leading disorder has X-linked Recessive gene mode of inheritance?

Answer 14

Hemophilia A & B

Question 15

Bence-Jones proteins are found in what disorder?

Answer 15

Multiple Myeloid - fragments of immunoglobulins produced by plasma cells found in urinalysis (KD tubules) - will only present in this disorder

Question 16

Philadelphia Chromosome is related to what type of leukemia?

Answer 16

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia - translocation of gene 9 & 22

Question 17

The active bone marrow aka Myeloid is situated where?

Answer 17

skull, vertebrae, pelvic bone, ribs and sternum (flat bones)

Question 18

Pernicious anemia is most commonly caused by auto-immune atrophic what?

Answer 18

Gastritis

Question 19

A patient presents with high titer of antibodies against parietal cells IF (intrinsic factor), what kind of anemia would this be?

Answer 19

Pernicious anemia - Patients, who suffer with chronic auto-immune atrophic gastritis (the etiology remains obscure and usually noted as familial disease), are unable to produce Intrinsic Factor complex as carrier molecules for cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) absorption through the mucosal barrier of jejunoileum. This complex is produced by parietal cells of the stomach, which are atrophied in this condition. This PARTICULAR MALABSORPTION B12 Deficiency Anemia is addressed as PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. Strong prerequisite for Gastric Cancer.

Question 20

What pre-natal vitamin deficiency is linked with spina bifida syndrome?

Answer 20

Folic Acid

Question 21

In Pathogenesis of sickle cell anemia, what amino acid is substituted in Hemoglobin A chain for what amino Acid creating a Hemoglobin S chain instead?

Answer 21

Valine is used in place of glutamic acid at position 6 of a beta chain

Question 22

Decreased hematocrit along with diminished MCV, with pica, koilinichia, pagophagia etc is linked to what type of anema?

Answer 22

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 23

Which clotting factor is affected in VonWillibrand disease?

Answer 23

VIII - 8, both produced by endothelium of the blood vessels when the injury occurs & VIII-8 also produced by the Liver.

Question 24

Biopsy of the patient marrow reveals pancytopenia =?

Answer 24

Aplastic Anemia

Question 25

The blood work from patient 0 showed high concentration of anti-IF, anti-bodies and anti-parietal cells antibodies =?

Answer 25

Pernicious anemia

Question 26

4 year old female noticed enjoying putting ice cubes and soil into her mouth =?

Answer 26

Iron-deficiency anemia

Question 27

Discovery of an excessive hematocrit count in an overly dehydrated elderly female =?

Answer 27

Relative Polycythemia

Question 28

Discovery of an excessive hematocrit count in a patient who was diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma =?

Answer 28

Secondary Absolute Polycythemia

Question 29

If MCV & Hematocrit are both down - what type of Anemia is this?

Answer 29

Iron - Deficiency Anemia

Question 30

If normal MCV(blood cells size normal) & decreased Hematocrit (not enough of them) - what type of Anemia is this?

Answer 30

Anemia of Chronic disease or Acute severe blood loss like in post pardom or menorrhagia

Question 31

If a person has increase MCV and a history of Gastroenterology what type of Anemia would this be?

Answer 31

Pernicious Anemia

Question 32

Myeloid or Myelogenous Leukemia affects what cells?

Answer 32

Granulocytes & Monocytes

Question 33

T/F Hodgkins Lymphoma does not present in blood?

Answer 33

True, it is a solid form and can only be found via biopsy. Non-Hodgkins has a leukemia component and is both Solid and liquid form however so will be found in plasma and in nodes. All are malignant