Hematology

Question 1

Plasma = ___ % of total blood volume

Answer 1

55%

Question 2

Formed elements = ___% of blood volume

Answer 2

45%

Question 3

Erythrocytes = ___% of blood volume

Answer 3

44%

Question 4

WBCs and Platelets = ____% of blood volume

Answer 4

1%

Question 5

Hematopoiesis

Answer 5

Cellular formation, proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of blood cells, tissues and organs responsible

Question 6

What organs/tissues are responsible for hematopoiesis

Answer 6

spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, bone marrow, liver, RES

Question 7

hematopoiesis begins on the ____ day of gestation.

Answer 7

19th

Question 8

Postnatally: erthrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes and platelets are produced in ___________________

Answer 8

bone marrow

Question 9

Postnatally: lymphocytes are produced in what secondary lymph organs?

Answer 9

spleen, lymph nodes, intestinal lymphoid tissue, bone marrow, and thymus

Question 10

__________ is the primary regulator for erythropoiesis,.

Answer 10

erythropoietin

Question 11

Cell division takes __ to ___ days

Answer 11

3 to 5 days

Question 12

Normal range for RBCs is between ____ and ____

Answer 12

4 to 6 mil/mm^3

Question 13

Elevated RBC = ________

Decreased RBC = ________

Answer 13

Polycythemia

Anemia

Question 14

Normal range for Hgb is between __ to ___

Answer 14

11 to 18 mg/dl

Question 15

Hct

Answer 15

Hematacrit is the ratio of total RBCs volume in blood to blood volume 37% to 52%

Question 16

Granulocyte types:(3)

Answer 16

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Question 17

Nongranulocytes types:(2)

Answer 17

lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 18

Neutrophil function
Eosinophil function
Basophil function

Answer 18

Neutrophil = phagocytic
eosinophil = allergy, drug and parasite reaction
basophil = hypersensitivity reaction

Question 19

Lymphocyte function

Monocyte function

Answer 19

Lymphocyte = fight viral infection
Monocyte = help neutrophils

Question 20

If MCV elevated = ______

If MCV low = ______

Answer 20

high mcv = macrocytic

low mcv = microcytic

Question 21

MCH high = ________

MCH low = _________

Answer 21

high mch = hyperchromic

low mch = hypochromic

Question 22

define mch

Answer 22

average amount of total hgb

Question 23

define mchc

Answer 23

average concentration % of hgb in single RBC

Question 24

MCHC high = ________

MCHC low = _________

Answer 24

high mchc = hyperchromic

low mchc = hypochromic

Question 25

RBC indices for microcytic/hypochromic

Answer 25

low MCV and MCH/MCHC

Question 26

RBC indices for normocytic normochromic

Answer 26

normal MCV and MCH/MCHC

Question 27

RBC indices for macrocytic normochromic/hyperchromic

Answer 27

high MCV and normal/high MCH/MCHC

Question 28

Types/causes of microcytic hypochromic anemia (4)

Answer 28

IDA, ACD, thalassemia, chronic blood loss

Question 29

Types/causes of macrocytic normochromic anemia

Answer 29

Vit. B12 deficiency, folci acid deficiency, alcoholism, liver disease

Question 30

Normocytic normochromic anemia

Answer 30

Chronic blood loss, acute blood loss, hemolytic anemia(sickle cell), aplastic anemia

Question 31

How much iron of the body is in the RBC line

Answer 31

2/3rds

Question 32

______ is the most common cause of anemia world wide

Answer 32

IDA

Question 33

IDA is usually caused by ______ in the _____

Answer 33

chronic blood loss in the GI tract

Question 34

TIBC/Serum Iron/Serum ferritin for IDA

Answer 34

TIBC = high Serum iron = low Serum ferritin = low

Question 35

TIBC/Serum Iron/Serum ferritin for ACD

Answer 35

TIBC = low Serum iron = low Serum ferritin = high

Question 36

If anemia of chronic disease has abnormal results from a urinalysis it is relabeled as _____

Answer 36

anemia of renal disease = ARD

Question 37

Thalassemia anemia is characterized by reduced synthesis of alpha/beta proteins for _________

Answer 37

hemoglobin

Question 38

Thalassemia is a ________ type of anemia

Answer 38

microcytic hypochromic anemia

Question 39

Thalassemia major (life threatening stage of disease) is AKA _________

Answer 39

Cooley's Anemia

Question 40

A skull radiograph with a hair on end appearance is associated with _________

Answer 40

thalassemia

Question 41

TIBC/Serum Iron/Serum ferritin for thalassemia

Answer 41

TIBC/Serum Iron/Serum ferritin = all normal

Question 42

If there is normal serum iron and normal TIBC for thalassemia what test should be performed to classify the thalassemia type

Answer 42

hemoglobin electrophoresis

Question 43

If low iron serum and low TIBC a ________ test should be done to decide between ACD/ARD

Answer 43

UA

Question 44

Of the macrocytic normochromic anemias what 2 types are megaloblastic and what 2 types are nonmegaloblastic

Answer 44

``` megaloblastic = B12 and B9 deficiencies nonmegaloblastic = alcholism and liver disease ```

Question 45

B12 and B9 deficiencies in anemias cause an inhibition of ________ synthesis in ________ production

Answer 45

B12 and B9 inhibit DNA synthesis in RBC production

Question 46

The MC cause of B12 deficiency is _______ which is called ______ anemia

Answer 46

intrinsic factor deficiency called pernicious anemia

Question 47

What blood disease has an absolute increase in all cell types

Answer 47

Primary polycythemia