Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PANCE REVIEW > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

(39 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Hallmarks of primary erythrocytosis (polycythemia Vera)

A

Facial flushing, pruritis (esp. after hot shower), splenomegaly, engorged retinal veins, headache.

*treat with phlebotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Organs effected in Hemachromatosis

A

Liver: bronze skin
Pancreas: DM
Heart: Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Endocrine: hypergonadism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

S/S of iron deficiency anemia

A
  • pagophagia (ice craving)
  • pica
  • angular cheilitis
  • koilonychia (spooning of nails)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diagnostic lab findings in iron deficiency anemia

A
  • Low iron
  • high TIBC
  • LOW ferritin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Diagnostic lab findings in anemia of chronic disease

A
  • low total iron
  • HIGH ferritin (think all the iron is sequestered in storage)
  • low TIBC
  • high hepcidin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rouleax formation on smear is associated with

A

Multiple myeloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Auto agglutination on smear is associated with

A

Cold agglutination autoimmune hemolytic anemia

MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIA , EBV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Howell-jolly bodies associated with

A

-decreases splenic function AKA sickle cell dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bite cells on smear associated with

A

Thalassemia, G6PD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Basophillic stippling is associated with

A

Sideroblastic anemia-lead poisoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Auer rods are associated with

A

Acute myelogenous leukemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Reed stern berg cells associated with

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pathophysiology of G6PD deficiency

A

Episodic, Nomocytic anemia

*G6PD protects RBC against oxidative stress, when there is a deficiency the hgb is denatured and is precipitated as HEINZ bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

G6PD deficiency causes

A

1) infection
2) fava beans
3) meds: sulfa drugs, Bactrim, antimalarial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dx of G6PD deficiency

A

Acute, episodic, hemolytic anemia

  • bite cells
  • heinz bodies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

G6PD management

Study These Flashcards
A
  • self limited
  • folate/iron supplementation
  • blood transfusions
17
Q

Management of sickle cell dz

Study These Flashcards
A

1) IV fluids and oxygen for pain control
2) hydroxyurea
3) folic acid

18
Q

Pentad of thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura

Study These Flashcards
A

1) thrombocytopenia (petechiae, mucocutaneous bleed)
2) neuro s/s
3) microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
4) kidney failure
5) fever

19
Q

Pathophysiology of TTP

Study These Flashcards
A

Antibodies against ADAMTS13 causes a low level. ADAMTS13 is used to cleave vWF, so with this low level there is a lot of free vWF resulting in platelet sequestration

20
Q

TTP treatment

Study These Flashcards
A

Plasmaphoresis

21
Q

Hemophilia A is a deficiency in what factor?

22
Q

Hemophilia B is a deficiency in what factor

Study These Flashcards
A

9

*christmas dz

23
Q

Hemophilia A treatment

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Factor VIII infusion

- Desmopressin (DDAVP infusion)

24
Q

Howell Jolly Bodies are found in what disease and what do they signify?

Study These Flashcards
A

Sickle cell anemia, they signify a damaged or absent spleen

25
What is ITP?
Idiopathic (autoimmune) throbocytopenic purpura: -Abnormally low platelet count with normal coagulation studies for no know reason ; often ASX - Often precipitated by a viral illness - Autoantibody reaction against platelets - IVIG, steroids, splenectomy is the order of treatmetnt
26
Target cells (codocytes) are found in what diseases?
Hemoglobinopathies such as sickle cell anemia or thalassemia
27
What blood disorders are hypo segmented neutrophils found in?
Macrocytic anemia, Vit. B12 & folate deficiency
28
Potential causes of Vit. B12 deficiency
1. Pernicious anemia: lack of intrinsic factor from gastric parietal cells 2. Strict Vegan diet 3. Malabsorption 2/2 alcoholism
29
Lab findings in vitamin b 12 deficiency
- Hypersegmented neutrophils - INC serum homocysteine, methylmalonic acid levels - LOW b12
30
Clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease
1) dactylitis mC 1st presentation at 6-12 months old 2) Infections: osteomyelitis 2/2 salmonila or other encapsulated organisms, Aplastic crisis associated with parvovirus B19 infections 3) "H" shaped vertebra 4) Splenic sequestration crisis: splenomegaly, rapidly decreasing hemoglobin 5) bone pain and priapism from occlusion of schyistocytes
31
Hallmarks of Hodgkin's lymphoma
- neoplasm of lymphocytes often presenting before 20 y/o or after 50 y/o - Associated with EBV - Painless lymphadenopathy and Systemic "B" s/s - Involves more central lymph nodes such as neck, axiallary, mediastinal - Reed sternberg cells on excision bx is pathopneumonic (owl's eye appearance)
32
Hallmarks of Non Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Risk factors are increased age and immunosuppression - Painless lymphadenopathy of peripheral lymph nodes with extra nodal sites common (GI, skin, CNS) - Unpredictable course as it effects B cells, T cells, and follicular cells - If indolent follicular form you can use Rituximab (antibody vs. CD20 on B cells) to treat - Poor prognosis
33
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Hallmarks
- MC childhood malignancy - Presents with Fever (MC) bone pain, CNS symptomslethargy, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy - Bone marrow is hypo cellular with greater than 20% blasts - Highly response to combination chemotherapy and intrathecal methotrexate for CNS disease
34
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia hallmarks
- MC leukemia in adults - B cell clonal malignancy - Pts are often asymptomatic with fatigue, hepatosplenomegaly - Peripheral blood smear shows SMUDGE CELLS
35
Acute myelogenous leukemia hallmarks
- Pancytopenia (anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia ) with a leukostasis (WBC over 100,000) - Gingival hyperplasia, bone pain - Bone marrow shows AUER RODS
36
Chronic myelogenous leukemia hallmarks
- mostly asx until they develop blastic crisis with splenomegaly - + PHILIDALPHIA CHROMOSOME (Mix of 9 & 22) - WBC over 100,000
37
What is polycythemia vera?
Acquired myeloproliferative disorder with overproduction of all 3 myeloid cell lines -increased RBC, WBC, Plts
38
Clinical manifestations of polycythemia vera
thrombosis, pruritis, facial plethora, worse after hot bath, splenomegaly -decreased EPO levels
39
Treatment of polycythemia vera
Phlebotomy

PANCE REVIEW (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions