Hematopoesis Basics

Question 1

Erythroblasts develop into?

Answer 1

Erythrocytes

Question 2

Myeloblasts develop into?

Answer 2

Granulocyte

Question 3

Momoblasts develop into?

Answer 3

Monocyte

Question 4

Lymphoblasts develop into?

Answer 4

Lymphocyte

Question 5

Megakaryoblasts develop into?

Answer 5

Megakaryocytes, then thombocytes.

Question 6

Growth Factor

Answer 6

A protein capable of stimulating cellular proliferation and differentiation.
- Cytokines and hormones

Question 7

Cytokines are historically associated with _____ cells and ______ _____ Cells.

Answer 7

Hematopoetic Cells and IMmune System Cells

Question 8

All blood cells differentiate from?

Answer 8

Pluripotent hematopoetic stem cells.

Question 9

SCF

Answer 9

Stem cell factor

Question 10

Tpo

Answer 10

Thrombopoetin.

Myeloid progenitor cells differentiate to megakaryocytes.

Question 11

IL

Answer 11

Interleukin

Question 12

GM-CSF

Answer 12

Involved in almost everything
Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor
Cytokine that functions as white blood cell growth factor.
Can be used as medication to increase WBC’s post-chemo.

Question 13

Epo

Answer 13

Erythropoetin
Regulates maturation from a myeloid progenitor cell (erythroid precursor) to become an erythrocyte.
Produced in kidney

Question 14

When does hematopoesis begin in the embryo?

Answer 14

The 5th week.

Question 15

Three major types of blood cells

Answer 15

Erythrocytes (RBC's)
Thrombocytes (Platelets)
Leukocytes (WBC's)
 - Myeloid (non-lymphocyte)
 - Lymphocytes

Question 16

Where is Epo produced?

Answer 16

The medulla of the kidney.

Good oxygen sensing capacity.

Question 17

G-CSF

Answer 17

Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor.
Involved in maturation and proliferation of granulocytes, neutrophils and stem cells
Stimulate production of leukocytes

Question 18

Monocytes mature into?

Answer 18

Macrophages

Question 19

Two components of blood

Answer 19

Formed elements and PLasma

Question 20

Formed Elements

Answer 20

RBC, WBC, platelets

Question 21

Plasma

Answer 21

Aqueous medium containing proteins, small molecules and ions.

Question 22

Granulocytes (3)

Answer 22

Basophil
Eosiophil
Neutrophil

Question 23

Agranulocytes (2)

Answer 23

Lymphocytes - B and T cells

Monocytes - Macrophages

Question 24

Erythrocytes

Answer 24

Small, biconcave, anucleated cells.
No mitochondria, No nucleus, No ribosomes.
4-6 million cells/uL
Circulates for 90 -180 days

Question 25

Leukocytes

Answer 25

Larger and less abundant. | 4,000 - 10,000 cells/uL

Question 26

Neutrophils (PMN's)

Answer 26

Phagocytic Granulocyte 2-5 lobes and fine chromatin threads 60-70% of leukocytes

Question 27

Eosinophils

Answer 27

Granulocyte BIlobed nuclei and numerous large granules Bright red orange 2-4% of leukocytes

Question 28

Basophils

Answer 28

``` Granulocyte Irregular multi-bobulated nuclei and numerous blue granules. <1% of leukocytes Contain histamine and heparin Allergy and stress ```

Question 29

Monocytes

Answer 29

Precursor of macrophages (when in tissue) | Large. Kidney-shaped nucleus

Question 30

Lymphocytes

Answer 30

20-30% of white cells B and T cells Smaller (similar to erythrocytes) Spherical nucleus stains darkly, thin cytoplasm

Question 31

Platelets

Answer 31

Small, made from megakaryocytes Second-most abundant to erythrocytes 150,000 - 450,000 cells/uL Anucleate cell fragments