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critically ill exam 3 > Hemodialysis > Flashcards

Hemodialysis Flashcards

1
Q

what are 5 indications for the use of renal replacement therapy for AKI?

A
  1. Acid-base abnormalities
  2. Electrolyte imbalances
  3. Intoxications
  4. fluid Overload
  5. Uremia
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2
Q

what are 3 indications for the use of RRT in CKD?

A
  1. GFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m2
  2. Education
  3. Graft preparation
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3
Q

what are the 4 principles of dialysis?

A
  1. diffusion
  2. osmosis
  3. ultrafiltration
  4. convection
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4
Q

what is the most effective RRT option?

A

hemodialysis

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5
Q

what is the most tolerated RRT option?

A

peritoneal

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6
Q

what are the 3 most common ADRs of Hemodialysis?

A
  1. disequilibrium
  2. dialysis-induced hypotension
  3. muscle cramps
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7
Q

which method for hemodialysis takes the longest time to mature?

A

AV fistula

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8
Q

how long does it take for the
AV fistula to mature?

A

1-2 months

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9
Q

how long dies it take for the AV graft to mature?

A

2-3 weeks

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10
Q

which method for hemodialysis has the longest survival rate?

A

AV fistula

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11
Q

which method for hemodialysis has the lowest rates of complications?

A

AV fistula

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12
Q

which method for hemodialysis has a shorter survival rate

A

AV grafts

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13
Q

which method for hemodialysis has higher rates of complications?

A

AV grafts

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14
Q

which method for hemodialysis has the least desirable HD access?

A

venous hemodialysis catheter

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15
Q

which method for hemodialysis is the most expensive?

A

AV fistula

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16
Q

what type of patients are venous hemodialysis catheters used in? 4

A
  1. small children
  2. patients without viable access for grafts or fistulas
  3. patients with vascular disease
  4. morbidly obese
17
Q

type of dialysis where fluid is instilled into the peritoneal space that draws out waste products from the blood

A

peritoneal dialysis

18
Q

what acts as a dialysis membrane in peritoneal dialysis?

A

peritoneal membrane

19
Q

what are 5 ADRs seen with peritoneal dialysis?

A
  1. exacerbation of diabetes
  2. chemical peritonitis
  3. fibrin formation in dialysate
  4. malnutrition
  5. mechanical problems
20
Q

a method of hemodialysis that removes fluid and wastes from a patient in a slow manner that is less likely to cause hypertension

A

continuous renal replacement therapy

21
Q

method that treats fluid overload in cases when waste products do not need to be removed or the pH levels do not need to be corrected

A

slow continuous ultra filtration

22
Q

method that removes large volumes of fluids and waste and uses replacement fluids to maintain electrolyte and acid base balance

A

continuous veno-venous hemofiltration

23
Q

method that uses diffusion along with dalysate solution to boost the removal of waste products

A

continuous veno-venous hemodialysis

24
Q

method that allows for the removal of large volumes of toxin-filled plasma, while still maintaining electrolyte balance

A

continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration

25
Q

what is the gold standard for drug dosing in renal considerations?

A

green book

26
Q

what are the 9 drugs that need to be dosed by actual body weight?

A
  1. dofetilide
  2. pradaxa
  3. eptifibatide
  4. pemetrexed
  5. rivaroxaban
  6. zoledronic acid
  7. betrixaban
  8. edoxaban
  9. qsymia
27
Q

what are the 11 drugs that need to be dosed by MDRD?

A
  1. glipizide
  2. glimepiride
  3. metformin
  4. alogliptin
  5. saxagliptin
  6. sitagliptin
  7. SGLT-2s
  8. ertugliflozin
  9. exenatide
  10. nateglinide
  11. lixisenatide
28
Q

what are the 9 drugs that are dosed by actual body weight contraindicated in?

A

CrCl >95 ml/min

29
Q

what type of molecules tend to be more readily removed by dialysis?

A

smaller molecules

30
Q

drugs with a larger what are less likely to be significantly removed by dialysis?

A

Vd

31
Q

what types of filters remove substances more?

A

HD filters more than conventional filters

32
Q

the ____ the blood flow rate, the ____ the clearance of medications

A

higher

critically ill exam 3 (9 decks)

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