Hemodynamic Monitoring Flashcards
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What is hemodynamic monitoring?
measurement of pressure, flow, and oxygenation within the cardiovascular system
Why is hemodynamic monitoring important?
To assess heart function, fluid balance, and the effects of fluids and drugs on CO.
Wha is preload?
It is the volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole.
What is afterload?
It is the resistance (forces opposing ventricular ejection) the ventricle must overcome to circulate blood.
What causes increase in preload?
Hypervolemia, regurgitation of cardiac valves, heart failure
What causes increase in afterload?
Hypertension, vasoconstriction
Increase in afterload causes _____ (increase / decrease) in cardiac workload.
increase
Frank-Starling’s law explains the effects of ______ (preload / afterload).
preload
What is Frank-Starling’s law ?
The more a myocardial fiber is stretched during filling, the more it shortens during systole and the greater the force of the contraction.
The higher the systemic vascular resistance the _______ (higher/lower) the afterload.
higher. Afterload is the systemic vascular resistence.
Preload, afterload, and contractility determine stroke volume. True or False.
True
Diuresis and vasodilation _____ (increases/decreases) preload, and fluid administration ____ (increases/decreases) preload.
decreases; increases
Contractility is high in failing heart. True or False.
False. It is reduced.
