Hemodynamics

Question 1

CO (Cardiac Output)

Answer 1

4-8 L/min

Question 2

CI (Cardiac Index)

Answer 2

2.5-4.5 L/min/m2

Question 3

CVP (Central Venous Pressure)

Answer 3

3-8 mmHg

Question 4

RA (Right Atrial)

Answer 4

1-7 mmHg

Question 5

RV systolic

Answer 5

20-30 mmHg

Question 6

RV diastolic

Answer 6

0-5 mmHg

Question 7

PA systolic

Answer 7

20-30 mmHg

Question 8

PA diastolic

Answer 8

5-15 mmHg

Question 9

PA mean

Answer 9

less than 20 mmHg

Question 10

PWCP

Answer 10

6-12 mmHg

Question 11

SVR

Answer 11

900-1400 dynes/sec/cm5

Question 12

PVR

Answer 12

100-250 dynes/sec/cm5

Question 13

SVO2

Answer 13

60-80%

Question 14

What is the square looking port with the red cap? and what is it for?

Answer 14

Thermistor Port for temperature monitoring

Question 15

What is the blue port? and what is it for?

Answer 15

Proximal injectatet, CVP monitoring

Question 16

What is the white port? and what is it for?

Answer 16

RA Infusion, IVF infusions

Question 17

What is the odd shaped shorter port? and what is it for?

Answer 17

Balloon port, wedge pressure (PWCP)

Question 18

What is the yellow port? and what is it for?

Answer 18

PA distal, PA pressure monitoring

Question 19

Where should the transducer be placed for an A line

Answer 19

Phlebostatic Axis - 4th ICS, midaxillary line

Question 20

saline locks, IV tubing and pressure tubing are good for how many hours?

Answer 20

96

Question 21

what color is the proximal port on a CVL and what is it used for?

Answer 21

white, meds, IVF, blood draws and administration

Question 22

what color is the medial port on a CVL and what is it used for?

Answer 22

blue, CVP monitoring, TPN (if no CVP is needed), intermittent short med infusions

Question 23

what color is the distal port on a CVL and what is it used for?

Answer 23

brown, the biggest lumen - OS port; used for large amounts of IVF, blood, viscous and colloids

Question 24

Always scrub the hub of the CVL port for how many seconds before penetrating the diaphragm?

Answer 24

30

Question 25

NA values and what does it do?

Answer 25

135-145, electrolyte that assists with water balance

Question 26

K values and what does it do?

Answer 26

3.5-5.1, electrolyte that helps with proper cellular function and assists w/ BP control, heart, and kidney function

Question 27

BUN values and what does it do?

Answer 27

7-21 Blood Urea Nitrogen; byproduct from protein breakdown. Excreted by kidneys

Question 28

Creatinine values and what does it do?

Answer 28

0.6-1.1, the byproduct of muscle metabolism, excreted by kidneys

Question 29

Mg values and what does it do?

Answer 29

1.6-2.6, needed for more than 300 biochemical reactions. Maintains normal muscle and nerve functions, supports healthy immunes system, keeps heart beat steady, helps bones remain strong, helps regulate blood glucose levels and aids in production of energy and protein.

Question 30

Glucose values and what does it do?

Answer 30

70-100, major source of energy for the body. Can be used or stored w/ assistance of insulin

Question 31

WBC values and what does it do?

Answer 31

4.8-10.8, help regulate immune system and stop spread of infection

Question 32

RBC values and what does it do?

Answer 32

4.2-5.4, transportation system for nutrients, oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 33

Hemoglobin values and what does it do?

Answer 33

12-16, the oxygen carrying element found inside the RBC, carries O2

Question 34

hematocrit values and what does it do?

Answer 34

37-47, % of RBCs, in the blood

Question 35

platelet values and what does it do?

Answer 35

140-440, clotting component of the blood, partial cells w/ no nucleus

Question 36

ST elevation in leads II, III, aVF mean what?

Answer 36

Inferior wall MI, involving RCA. RV is injured as well as posterior and inferior LV

Question 37

what is Beck's triad?

Answer 37

Associated w/ cardiac tamponade: decreased/muffled heart tones, increased CVP and JVD, profound hypotension resistant to treatment

Question 38

Pulsus paradoxes:

Answer 38

abnormally large drop in SBP and wave amplitude during inspiration of \> 10 mmHg

Question 39

treatment for cardiac tamponade

Answer 39

emergent sternotomy

Question 40

cardiac tamponade:

Answer 40

build up of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac that puts pressure on the heart and can prevent it from pumping effectively. fluid puts pressure on the heart prevents heart from expanding and filling less blood leaves the heart less O2 to tissues leads to increased HR, decreased BP, increased RR, panic, JVD loss of consciousness, death