Hemoflagellates/Blood Flagellates

Question 0

Species under trypanosoma

Answer 0

T.cruzi
T.gambiense
T.rhodesiense

Question 1

Infective stage of Trypanosoma

Answer 1

Metacyclic trypomastigote

Question 2

Infective stage of leishmania

Answer 2

Promastigote

Question 3

Species under Leishmania

Answer 3

L.donovani
L.tropica
L.mexicana
L.braziliensis

Question 4

Insect vector for T.cruzi

Answer 4

Reduviid (assassin) bug

Question 5

Insect vector for Sleeping sickness

Answer 5

Tsetse fly (Glossina sp.)

Question 6

Insect vector for Leishmania

Answer 6

Sandfly (phlebotomos)

Question 7

It causes Chaga’s disease

Answer 7

T.cruzi

Question 8

West African Sleeping Sickness is caused by?

Answer 8

T.gambiense

Question 9

East African Sleeping Sickness is caused by?

Answer 9

T.rhodesiense

Question 10

Diseases caused by L.tropica

Answer 10

• Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (Old world)
• Oriental sore
• Baghdad boil

Question 11

Diseases caused by L.donovanni

Answer 11

• Visceral Leishmaniasis
• Dumdum fever
• Kalazar

Question 12

Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis is caused by?

Answer 12

L.braziliensis

Question 13

Disease caused by L.mexicana

Answer 13

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (New World)

Question 14

Diseases caused by L.braziliensis

Answer 14

• Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis

- Espundia

Question 15

Clinical/Physical findings for T.cruzi infection

Answer 15

Romana Sign (swelling of tissue around the eye)

Question 16

Stages of the Life Cycle of Trypanosomas

Answer 16

Epimastigotes (multiply in the gut of the vector)
Metacyclic Tryps (involve in the gut of the vector)Infective stage
Amastigotes (encyst in tissue cells;human)
Trypomastigotes (evolve in cells and rupture out into the blood;human)

Question 17

Associated with Xenodiagnosis

Answer 17

T.cruzi

Question 18

A method og diagnosis based on exposing a parasite-free normal host to the parasite and then examining the host for parasites

Answer 18

Xenodiagnosis

Question 19

Drug of choice for the treatment of T.cruzi infection

Answer 19

Nifurtimox (Lampit)

Question 20

Laboratory diagnosis for T.cruzi

Answer 20

Giemsa-stained blood slides

Question 21

Winterbottom sign (lymphadenopathy) is seen in patients w/?

Answer 21

T.gambiense and T.rhodesiense infection

Question 22

It causes Chagoma (small, painful reddish nodule)

Answer 22

T.cruzi

Question 23

Causes sleeping sickness?

Answer 23

T.gambiense (West African Sleeping Sickness)

T.rhodesiense (East African Sleeping Sickness)

Question 24

Clinical findings for T.rhodesiense infection

Answer 24

Rapid weight loss, anorexia

Question 25

Specimen of choice for the detection of T.gambiense

Answer 25

Blood, lymph node aspiration and CSF

Question 26

Enumerate the stages of sleeping sickness

Answer 26

- Chancre - Hematolympathic - Meningoencephalitic

Question 27

Treatment for sleeping sickness

Answer 27

Suramin - for bloodborne disease | Melarsoprol - for CNS penetration

Question 28

Stages of Life cycle of Leishmania

Answer 28

Promastigote (vector) infective stage | Amastigote (human)

Question 29

``` Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (Old World):______________________ Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (New World):_____________________ ```

Answer 29

Old World:L.tropica | New World: L.mexicana

Question 30

Visceral Leishmaniasis:___________________ | Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis:_______________

Answer 30

1) L.donovani | 2) L.braziliensis

Question 31

Mechanism of Infection of L.mexicana

Answer 31

- Avoida destruction by the immune system by hiding inside a cell - targeted cells are neutrophils and macrophages - discourages apoptosis - mask as macrophage

Question 32

Treatment for L.mexicana

Answer 32

- pentavalent antimonial compounds (Sodium Stibogluconate) IM or IV - liposomal amphotericin B IV - miltefosine (Oral) teratogenic