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hema - review > Hemoglobin > Flashcards

Hemoglobin Flashcards

1
Q

Hgb is aka

A

Respiratory pigment

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2
Q

concentration of Hb within RBCs:

A

approximately 34 g/dL

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3
Q

Hgb molecular weigh

A

approximately 64,000 Daltons

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4
Q

who identified the respiratory prote

A

Felix Seyler

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5
Q

1 gram of hemoglobin can carry _____ of oxygen

A

1.34 mL

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6
Q

1 gram of hemoglobin can carry a constant _____ iron

A

3.47 mg

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7
Q

hemoglobin components

A

1) globin
2) nitrogenous protoporphyrin IX
3) four heme molecules
4) one 2,3-BPG

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8
Q

Hemoglobins with 141 amino acids

A

Alpha & Zeta

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9
Q

Primary functions of hgb

A

1) To deliver oxygen to the tissues
2) To carry waste product CO2 away to the lungs
3) Binding, inactivation, and transport of NO (Nitric Oxide) = newly discovered function

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10
Q

Protein Structures of Hemoglobin

A

1) PRIMARY
2) SECONDARY
3) TERTIARY
4) QUATERNARY (TETRAMER)

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11
Q

measurement of hgb in the blood

A

HEMOGLOBINOMETRY

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12
Q

reference method of hemoglobinometry

A

Cyanmethemoglobin (HiCN) Method

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13
Q

reagent used in Cyanmethemoglobin (HiCN) Method

A

Drabkin’s reagent

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14
Q

major components of Drabkin’s reagent

A

Potassium ferricyanide (K3Fe(CN)6) & Potassium cyanide (KCN

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15
Q

Potassium ferricyanide function

A

converts hgb to methemoglobin

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16
Q

Potassium cyanide function

A

provides cyanide ions

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17
Q

HiCN is measured at

A

540 nm

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18
Q

(All types of Hb may be measured through HiCN except

A

sulfhemoglobin

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19
Q

Cyanmethemoglobin reagent stored in

A

brown bottle or in a dark place

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20
Q

r technique that has been used in some automated instruments involves the use of _____ to transform hgb to methemoglobin and does not produce toxic wastes

A

f sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)

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21
Q

HEMOGLOBIN ELECTROPHORES is for

A

identifying hgb

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22
Q

movement of charged particles in an electric field

A

Electrophoresis

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23
Q

fastest abnormal hgb

A

Hgb H

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24
Q

fastest normal hgb

A

HbA1

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25
slowest abnormal hgb
Hgb C, Hgb A2, Hgb E, HgbC harlem, Hgb O arab
26
citrate agar electrophoresis pH
pH 6.0 to 6.2
27
Cellulose acetate electrophoresis pH
pH 8.4 to 8.6
28
citrate agar electrophoresis is used as
complementary procedure to Cellulose acetate that further differentiates Hb S from Dand G, and Hb C from Hb E, O arab, C harlem
29
HEME a.k.a
. Ferroprotoporphyrin IX
30
Site of heme synthesis:
mitochondrion
31
heme synthesis occurs in
liver & bone marrow
32
Ferrochelatase aka
Heme synthetase
33
Ferrochelatase function
enzyme neded to insert ferous iron to the protoporphyrin IX ring
34
Master regulatory hormone of systemic iron metabolism
HEPCIDIN
35
Processes involved in Iron metabolism
" AT USE I " ``` Absorption Transportation Utilization Storage Excretion Iron recycling ```
36
site of maximal absoprtion of iron
duodenum and upper jejunum
37
ionic iron
ferrous
38
non ionic iron
heme
39
most dietary iron is what iron form
Ferric
40
ferroportin function
delivers ferrous iron into the blood
41
Hephaestin function
reoxidizes ferrous (Fe+2) into ferric (Fe+3) form as it exits for transport into the blood.
42
apotransferrin function
transports iron in the blood
43
Transferrin is
Apotransferrin with bound ferric (Fe+3) form of iron
44
storage form of iron
ferritin
45
most sensitive for IDA
Serum Ferritin
46
partially degraded ferritin that appears in cases of iron overload
hemosiderin
47
hemosiderin stain
Prussian blud
48
when is iron recycled
when cells die
49
most abundant in iron
RBCs
50
also a plasma protein but is able | to save heme.
hemopexin & Haptoglobin
51
Ferritin and hemosiderin mostly found in
macrophages and | hepatocytes
52
body iron status tests
1) Serum iron 2) Total Iron binding capacity 3) Transferrin saturation 4) Serum ferritin 5) Prussian blue 6) free erythrocyte protoporphyrin
53
considered the gold standard for assessment of body iron.
Prussian blue stain
54
first laboratory test to become abnormal when iron stores begin to decline)
Serum Ferritin
55
used for the differential diagnosis of | disorders of iron metabolism
serum iron
56
indirectly measures the concentration of transferrin by measuring its ability to bind iron
Total Iron Binding Capacity
57
Increased iron accumulation (blood and tissues)
1) HEMOSIDEROSIS | 2) HEMOCHROMATOSIS
58
-increased tissue iron stores without accompanying | tissue damage
HEMOSIDEROSIS
59
increase in iron accumulation in body tissue leading to tissue damage
HEMOCHROMATOSIS
60
Globin Synthesis site
ribosomes in the normoblast
61
Chromosome 16 function
Dictates production of Alpha & Zeta globin chains
62
Chromosome 11 function
dictates the production of other kinds of globin chains
63
predominant form of Hgb in the fetus and newborn
Hgb F
64
Hb F structure
2 Alpha + 2 Gamma
65
Portland
2 zeta + 2 gamma
66
gower I
2 Zeta + 2 eepsilon
67
Gower II
2 ALPHA + 2 EPSILON
68
Adult forms of hgb
1) Hb F 2) Hb A1 3) Hb A2
69
predominant form of adult hemoglobin
Hgb A1
70
Hgb A1
2 alpha + 1 beta
71
Hgb A2
2 alpha + a delta
72
hemoglobin derivatives
A. FUNCTIONAL HGB 1) oxyhemoglobin 2)deoxyhemoglobin B. DYSHEMOGLOBINS
73
- Bright color - relaxed state - Hb w/ ferrous iron + Oxygen
Oxyhemoglobin
74
- Cherry red | - Hb w/ ferrous iron bound to CO
Carboxyhemoglobin
75
silent killer
Carboxyhemoglobin
76
Carboxyhemoglobin has ___ times greater affinity to Hb than oxygen
240 times
77
- chocolate brown | - Hb w/ FERRIC iron not bound to oxygen
Methemoglobin
78
aka Ferrihemoglobin, hemiglobin
Methemoglobin
79
- mauve-lavender | - oxidized, partially denatured formscof Hb
Sulfhemglobin

hema - review (17 decks)

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