HEMOSTASIS

Question 1

Macrocytic means that the RBC is..

Answer 1

Larger than usual
why? NOT enough “B12 & Folate” = dna mutation = nonfunctional rbc’s to do their role
even if large, they DO NOT FUNCTION

Question 2

Explain Intrinsic vs Extrinsic pathway

Answer 2

Intrinsic is when damage happens inside B.V.(15-20 min coagulation)
Extrinsic is when happens @ external surface, my skin!(clotting is quick 2-6min)

Question 3

_________ is a helpful process to make clots

Answer 3

Vitamin K
not enough = easy bleeding out/bruising

Question 4

define thrombocytopenia

Answer 4

low platelet level, can’t make blood clots bc not enough

Question 5

Kidneys secret _______ , necessary for the production of RBC’s

Answer 5

EPO( ERYTHROPOITEN) aka making rbc

Question 6

What are the stages of HEMOSTASIS

Answer 6

Vasoconstriction—-> platelet plug—-> blood coagulation

Question 7

what results are displayed in a CBC (COMPLETE RED BLOOD CELL COUNT)? what do each mean?

Answer 7

-Red Blood Cell COUNT: # of rbc in blood
-% of reticulocytes(APROXX 1%): rate of RED CELL production
-HEMOglobin(AVG 15): hemoglobin CONTENT in blood
-HEMAtocrit(AVG 45): volume of RED CELL MASS in plasma vol

Question 8

Microcytic means that the cell is ?

Answer 8

small because of an IRON DEFICIENCY
there are a lack of RBC’s

Question 9

Normocytic means that the RBC is…

Answer 9

normal shaped BUT NOT enough
2 reasons;
non hemolytic or hemolytic

Question 10

Distinguish non hemolytic vs hemolytic

Answer 10

NON: is bleeding out
Hemolytic: body DESTROYING the rbc’s (NOOO!!)

Question 11

Symptoms of a sickle cell crisis, what causes these

Answer 11

-S.O.B
-pain
-increased HR
CAUSES
-stress
-intense exercise
-infection
-high altitudes
-allergies
-COLD

Question 12

What risks are sickle cell people in?

Answer 12

Strokes
Heart/Renal DISEASE

Question 13

Describe the difference between Leukemia vs Lymphoma

Answer 13

Leukemia:
Is in blood
A BLOOD DISORDER
faulty cells aka BLASTS that are there but don’t function for their role
@bone marrow
Lymphoma:
SOLID. lumps & bumps
LARGE LYMPh nodes
symptoms of itching, fever, weightloss, lumps

Question 14

Difference between Hodkgin lymphoma vs NON Hodkgin lymphoma

Answer 14

HODKGIN:
NO Reed Sternberg Cell
NON-HODKGIN:
YES Reed Sternberg Cell

Question 15

How does lymphoma present on a patient ?

Answer 15

lumps & bumps
LARGE LYMPh nodes
symptoms of itching, fever, weightloss, lumps

Question 15

Multiple Myeloma affects…

Answer 15

Plasma and plasma cells

Question 16

How does leukemia represent on the patient?

Answer 16

-Easy bruising: not enough platelets in blood to coagulate so will be bleeding out easily hence bruise
-bone pain: too many blasts in the area, over crowding
-S.O.B: not enough mature blood cells
-weight loss
-HIGH WBC count

Question 17

treatments for myeloma?

Answer 17

-CHEmo
-STEROIDS:help w inflammation
-targeted therapy
-biphsophhisates: to keep calcium from rising too high
no cure for myeloma

Question 18

Hoe does multiple myeloma present on a patient?

Answer 18

-anemia
-not enough calcium in bones = easy bone fractures
-TOO much calcium in blood, cells pull calcium from bones into the blood
-renal failure/renal disfunction due to over work kidney of too much calcium