Henry VII - rebellions.

Question 1

Lord Lovell and the Staffords. What was their claim?

Answer 1

Francis Lovell and Humphrey Stafford were both Yorkists, BUT they never claimed to be pretenders to the throne.

Question 2

How and when did the Lovell and Stafford rebellion start?

Answer 2

Lovell started to created social unrest in Yorkshire, a Yorkist stronghold.
- this started to happen in Easter 1486 (when Henry wasn’t secure on his throne),
- the plan was to create an army, march into London and take Henry VII’s throne.

Question 3

Who supported Lovell and the Staffords?

Answer 3

• the house of York.
• Viscount Lovell led the rebellion, alongside Sir Humphrey and Thomas, the Stafford brothers.
• But it was minor rebellion and there wasn’t much support due to the lack of a figurehead.

Question 4

What happened in April 1486?

Answer 4

Henry learned of the threat through his spynetwork.

Question 5

What happened the 23rd April 1486?

Answer 5

There was a FAILED attempt to seize Henry in York.

Question 6

What happened 11th May 1486?

Answer 6

The Staffod brothers flee, BUT!!!

Question 7

What happened 14th May 1486?

Answer 7

The Stafford brothers are captured.

Question 8

What happened 8th July 1486?

Answer 8

Humphrey Stafford was executed, but Lovell managed to escape.

Question 9

What were some failures of Lovell and the Staffords that meant Henry won?

Answer 9

1) They had no candidate to replace Henry with and failed to attrat much support without one.
2) Lovell and the Staffords were minor nobles, so they didn’t have huge amounts of power, wealth or influence.
3) Lovell and the Staffords had no foreign backing, so they had little access to moneyy, troops, support and influence.

Question 10

What were some pros of Henry that meant Lovell and the Staffords failed?

Answer 10

Henry had an efficient spynetwork, so he had time to plan his response.

Question 11

What was the origin of the claim for Perkin Warbeck?

Answer 11

He claimed he was one of the princes in the tower, Richard Duke of York.

Question 12

Which foreign leaders supported Perkin Warbeck?

Answer 12

1) Margaret of Burgundy and her son-in-law
2) Roman Emperor Maximilian (but he was too busy to offer much support).
3) Charles VIII of France (initially).
4) James IV of Scotland (who may’ve honestly believed in Warbeck’s lie).

Question 13

Which domestic leaders supported Perkin Warbeck?

Answer 13

Earl of Kildare.

Question 14

When did Perkin Warbeck first appear?

Answer 14

In Ireland, in 1491. He was only seventeen.

Question 15

In 1492, what happened that led Warbeck to go to Burgundy?

Answer 15

Charles VIII made peace with Henry (Treaty of Etaples).

Question 16

Many leading figures in the conspiracy were executed, including Henry’s stepfather and former ally, Sir William Stanley. When was this?

Answer 16

1495.

Question 17

When did Warbeck land in Kent (to little support)?

Answer 17

1495.

Question 18

In 1497, a Scottish invasion of England failed. What horrified Warbeck so much?

Answer 18

The brutality of the Scottish army.

Question 19

In August 1497, Warbeck did what?

Answer 19

He gave himself up.

Question 20

But in 1498, what did Warbeck do?

Answer 20

He escaped!

Question 21

When was Warbeck eventually executed?

Answer 21

In 1499, he was recaptured and executed.

Question 22

What skills did Henry have that meant Warbeck failed?

Answer 22

1) Due to the busyness of foreign leaders, Henry had time to deal with the English conspirators.
2) He made treaties with James and Charles, so that they would end their support for Warbeck.
3) Henry had already been in power for ten years and Warbeck lacked support from most of the English people and nobility.

Question 23

What external factors meant that Perkin Warbeck failed?

Answer 23

1) Charles VIII was likely only using Warbeck to embarrass Henry. Using Warbeck as a diversion, he attempted to invade Brittany, but made peace with Henry in 1492 (Treaty of Etaples).
2) Roman Emperor Maximillian was too busy with affairs in Italy to offer much support.

Question 24

What were the origins of the claim for the De La Poles and Suffolk?

Answer 24

They were a Yorkist family with strong claims to the Yorkist throne.
- Edmund De La Pole was the Earl of Suffolk.

Question 25

Who supported the De La Poles and Suffolk?

Answer 25

1) Margaret of York/Burgundy. 2) Holy Roman Emperor Maximillian, whose court Edmund fled to in 1501.

Question 26

What skills did Henry possess that allowed him to overcome De La Poles and Suffolk?

Answer 26

- diplomatic manouveres allowed him possession of Suffolk on the condition that he wouldn't be killed. - some of Suffolk's relatives were killed in 1504 and some were attained when parliament met.

Question 27

What happened in 1501?

Answer 27

Edmund De La Pole fled to the Court of the Holy Roman Empire.

Question 28

What happened in 1502?

Answer 28

The Yorkist threat became major and Henry's heirs were at risk.

Question 29

When was Edmund De La Pole eventually executed?

Answer 29

1513 - under the reign of Henry VIII.

Question 30

What happened to Richard De La Pole?

Answer 30

He was killed years later in 1525 at the Battle of Bavia.

Question 31

Which powerful foreign leader supported Simnel and John De La Pole?

Answer 31

Margaret of Burgundy, who provided 2000 supporters. She even paid people to invade England.

Question 32

Which domestic leader supported Lambert Simnel?

Answer 32

John De La Pole, Earl of Lincoln went to join him.

Question 33

What was the difference between Henry and Margaret's army?

Answer 33

Henry's army was smaller, made up of peasantry, while Margaret's mercenaries were better fighters.

Question 34

What happened in May 1487?

Answer 34

Lambert Simnel was crowned king in Ireland. - rebels landed at Furness in Lancanshire and marched across Pennines and turned South, as they gained little support in the North.

Question 35

When was the Battle of Stoke's field (De La Pole and Simnel)?

Answer 35

16th June 1487.

Question 36

Why was Henry able to overcome the threat posed by Simnel and De La Pole?

Answer 36

Henry met the rebls with his own army at East Stoke, outside Newark, and the rebels were defeated.

Question 37

How significant was the fight against De La Pole and Simnel?

Answer 37

Hugely! Historians argue that this was what eneded the Wars of the Roses, and if Simnel had won, he would've become king.

Question 38

What were the origins of Simnel's claim?

Answer 38

His similarity to Richard, Duke of York (a prince in the tower) was noticed by his tutor Richard Symods, who taught him to claim to be the prince and took him to Ireland, a Yorkist stronghold. - however, Lambert instead pretended to be the Earl of Warwick who did have a claim to the throne, even though Simnel didn't. - He pretended that he, the 'Earl of Warwick', had escaped imprisonment, and this increased support.