Henry VII religious ideas Flashcards

1
Q

Religion of England during H7?

A

Catholic- under jurisdiction of Pope

Mass was said for Pope but what was more important was the individual religious experience

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2
Q

How many parish churches were there?

A

8000

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3
Q

How did the church provide entertainment?

A

Festivals provided much needed enjoyment

Charity work allowed for ordinary people to contribute to the good of their local community

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4
Q

Define Erastian?

A

In H7 reign the state was believed to have control over the church, therefore the Pope did little to intervene

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5
Q

How did Henry use the wealth of the church?

A

To reward churchmen to whom he had given high political office

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6
Q

How was the COE administered?

A

Through two provinces Canterbury and York- each under the jurisdiction of a bishop and 17 dioceses

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7
Q

Most powerful church men?

A

Richard Fox and John Morton

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8
Q

Abbot?

A

Head of wealthiest religious

Shared membership in the House of Lords with Bishops

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9
Q

Qualities of an abbot?

A

Had to have a range of management and administrative skills to keep their complex organisations running effectively

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10
Q

What did the Church provide?

A

A framework for how an individual should think, reason and behave

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11
Q

What did the church in religious terms offer?

A

Various ways by which an individual could acquire grace in order to reach heaven and minimise the time a soul would spend in purgatory

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12
Q

7 sacraments?

A
Baptism
Confirmation
Marriage
Anointing the sick
Penance
Holy Orders
Eucharist
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13
Q

What did 7 sacraments help?

A

A person to reach heaven

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14
Q

What did mass involve?

A

Climax was priest consecrated the bread and wine- body and blood of Christ- transubstantiation
Priest consumed both bread and wine

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15
Q

Why was mass important?

A

Sacrifice performed by the priest on behalf of the community
Ritual in which the whole community participated
Importance of Corpus Christi- Catholic feast

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16
Q

How did lay people invest in the church?

A

Paid for the rebuilding of churches
Paid for the objects used in the ceremonies
Dying would leave money to church

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17
Q

Purpose of the dying leaving money to the Church?

A

Enhance beauty of worship
Ensure remembrance of benefactor
Reduce time benefactor would spend in purgatory

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18
Q

Function of a chantry?

A

Say prayers on behalf of the dead- role of priest to intervene with God on behalf of an individual

19
Q

Confraternity?

A

Men and sometimes women who gathered together to provide collectively for funeral costs of members
Pay for chaplains at Masses for their members
Help maintain church fabrics

20
Q

Method of raising money for church?

A

Church-ale festivals - involved drinking and a range of entertainments. Ales made and donated to the event were the chief drink

21
Q

What was a Pilgrimage?

A

A journey to a place of religious devotion- Could involve visiting the tomb of a saint or a shrine building
Method of gaining relief from Purgatory

22
Q

Simpler form of pilgrimage?

A

Rogation Sunday- walking around the parish boundaries to pray for protection, carrying banners and the parish cross to ward off evil spirits and reinforce parish property

23
Q

Where was individual religious experience emphasised?

A

In writing of mystics- believed in the personal communication of an individual with God- shown through Henry’s mother who piety was reflected in her widespread donations to Cambridge

24
Q

What percent of adult males were monks?

A

1%

25
Q

How many religious communities were there?

A

900

26
Q

Monks in larger houses?

A

From wealthier aspects of society

Monks predominately recruited from their own localities

27
Q

3 types of Friars?

A

Augustinians, Franciscans and Dominicans

28
Q

Significance of Friars?

A

Harper bill argued that the great day of Friars was over

29
Q

Lollards?

A

Placed stress on understanding the Bible and therefore favoured its translation into English
Sceptical of transubstantiation and Eucharist
Considered the Catholic church as corrupt

30
Q

Influence of Lollards?

A

Lost significance after failed uprising in 1414
Less in numbers
Lost intellectual coherence
Geographically restricted

31
Q

When did Erasmus first visit England?

A

1499

32
Q

How did Erasmus want to reform Christianity?

A

Emphasis on education

Rejection of some of Church’s traditional ceremonies

33
Q

Influence of humanism in H7 reign?

A

Had little influence

Intellectual life continued to be dominated by traditional medieval scholastic philosophy

34
Q

How many new grammar schools were founded?

A

53

35
Q

Who received education?

A

There was ample provision for wealthy, access to education depended on where you lived

36
Q

What was central to grammar school curriculum?

A

Latin

English was a by product to Latin

37
Q

University education?

A

Cambridge and Oxford

Cambridge in this period has vast expansions- Henry’s mothers contributions

38
Q

Most important art?

A

Drama
Plays at church-ale festivals- included religious and moral messages
Troops of players toured the country sponsored by the nobility

39
Q

How was music enjoyed?

A

Bag pipes and wind groups
Bawdy drinking songs
Carols for Christmas
Music was performed at houses of wealthy and at court

40
Q

Eton Choirbook?

A

Collection of 93 compositions

41
Q

Architecture of church buildings?

A

Gothic perpendicular style

Large windows- emphasis on vertical lines

42
Q

Example of gothic perpendicular style?

A

H7 approved this style for Lady Chapel at Westminster Abbey

43
Q

Willam Caxton?

A

Founder of printing press 1478

44
Q

What did Caxton print?

A

Chivalric romances and adaptations of saint lives
Became less popular around the time of Henry’s death when humanism was gaining influence and Erasmus was becoming more popular