Henry VIII Flashcards
(21 cards)
general proscription?
1522, Wolsey organised a national survey, to assess nations taxable wealth. gained £200’000 from forced loans, required to finance FP.
led to amicable grant
law of the star chamber?
1516, any nobleman should not see themselves as above the law.
League of cognac?
alliance set up to help Charles finance war against Francis in 1526.
Wolsey financial reforms?
+1514, taxed landed property without distinguishing between classes
+eldham ordinances of 1526, attempted to reduce costs of the royal household
Wolseys 2 strategies for reformation?
+primary: original dispensation was insufficient in law
+secondary: persuade case to be transferred to England.
Cromwells key idea, and first acts?
Decided to use parliament to grant annulment (innovative):
+act in restraint of agnates 1532: stopped 95% of payment to pope.
+act in restraint of appeals 1533: declared authority laid with monarch, illegal to appeal outside of kingdom.
Praemunire?
withdrawn?
Forbade the church from cutting across matters of the crown.
-> Henry would withdraw it for 118000 grant, title of sole protector and supreme head of the church in England as far as christ allows
Supplication against the ordinaries?
–> submission of the clergy?
claimed the church was riddled with corruption, challenged church courts being independent.
may 1532, convocation agreed reluctantly to terms: surrendered right to make ecclesiastical laws, existing laws go be reviewed.
Thomas Cranmer?
William Warham died in 1532, replaced by Cranmer who was a reformist and loyal to the king. 1533, conducted secret marriage of Henry to Anne.
act of supremacy?
act distinguishing popes authority?
secured the complete break from Rome.
+1536, pope lost access to taxes, appointment in office, title, dispensation.
dissolution of the monasteries initial acts?
+comperta monastica 1535: book compiled containing transgressions/ abuses in the church
+valor ecclesiasitcus: 1535, greatest survey of land by gentry, church land 320000-360000
–> led to the dissolution of smaller monasteries: any less than £200 annual income 399 houses shut down, closed as manifested sin and abominable living
reaction to dissolution of monastries?
pilgrimage of grace 1536-7, threatening rebellion of Robert Aske and 40000 people of all classes.
Wolseys church journey?
1513- bishop of tournai and archbishop of York
1515 - cardinal Wolsey and ‘prince of the church’
1518- papal legate
destruction of remaining monasteries?
by 1540, 800 monastics had been shut down.
1538 royal injunctions?
anti papal measures: erasing any reference of pope, pilgrimage and superstitious images, encouraged preaching and royal authority.
ten articles? followed by?
+reduced 7 sacraments to just 3(baptism, penance, eucharist)
+bishops book: published 1537 without king reading it, renamed kings book in 1543.
second set of injunctions?
relics of saints removed, register of briths deaths and marriages.
act of 6 articles?
consubstantiation rejected, clerical celibacy enforced, renewal of confession.. panic measure as king excommunicated 1538.
treason act? charged?
illegal to speak/ produce anything against the crown. John Fisher was charged under this law, supported of Elizabeth barton and refused to swear oath of supremacy. executed July 1535.
deaths of Thomas Moore and Cromwell?
Moore- refused to swear oath of supremacy in 1535, due to strict moral code
Cromwell- 1540 executed due to failure of Anne of cleaves marriage
war on to fronts?
war with Scotland secured at Solway moss and with France secured at Boulogne.
