Henry VIII

Question 1

When did Henry VIII become king of England?

Answer 1

In April 1509, following the death of Henry VII.

Question 2

When was Henry VIII crowned?

Answer 2

June 24, 1509.

Question 3

What was the Holy League formed to protect in 1510?

Answer 3

Italy and the Vatican State from French domination.

Question 4

What did Henry VIII hope to achieve by joining the First French War?

Answer 4

Gaining land and achieving glory like Henry V.

Question 5

What was the Cadiz Affair of 1511?

Answer 5

A failed Anglo-Spanish attack on southwest France.

Question 6

What did the Navarre Affair of 1512 reveal about Ferdinand of Spain?

Answer 6

He used English troops as a diversion, proving untrustworthy.

Question 7

What was the outcome of the 1513 Battle of Spurs?

Answer 7

Henry captured Tournai and Therouanne and gained a French pension.

Question 8

What happened at the Battle of Flodden in 1513?

Answer 8

The English defeated the Scots, and James IV was killed.

Question 9

What financial system replaced ‘fifteenths and tenths’ in 1513?

Answer 9

The Tudor Subsidy, raising nearly double the previous amount.

Question 10

What did the 1514 Treaty of Saint Germain-en-Laye secure?

Answer 10

England’s possession of Tournai and Mary Tudor’s marriage to Louis XII.

Question 11

What two major roles did Wolsey attain in 1515?

Answer 11

Cardinal and Lord Chancellor.

Question 12

How did the Court of Star Chamber change under Wolsey?

Answer 12

It was used more often to promote justice and curb noble power.

Question 13

What was the Act of Resumption in 1515?

Answer 13

It returned lands to the Crown to increase revenue.

Question 14

When was Henry’s daughter Mary born?

Answer 14

February 18, 1516.

Question 15

What was the significance of the 1518 Treaty of London?

Answer 15

It was a major non-aggression pact brokered by Wolsey.

Question 16

What major event occurred in June 1520 between Henry and Francis I?

Answer 16

The Field of Cloth of Gold.

Question 17

Why did England sign the Treaty of Bruges in 1521?

Answer 17

To ally with Charles V against France.

Question 18

What title did the Pope grant Henry in 1521?

Answer 18

Defender of the Faith.

Question 19

What led to resistance against the Amicable Grant in 1525?

Answer 19

It followed forced loans and unpopular subsidies.

Question 20

What was the League of Cognac?

Answer 20

An anti-Imperial alliance joined by England in 1526.

Question 21

Why was the 1527 Sack of Rome significant to Henry’s divorce?

Answer 21

The Pope was under Charles V’s control, complicating annulment.

Question 22

What failed in 1529 leading to Wolsey’s fall?

Answer 22

The legatine court at Blackfriars.

Question 23

Who replaced Wolsey as Lord Chancellor?

Answer 23

Thomas More.

Question 24

What did the 1530 praemunire charges target?

Answer 24

The Church’s legal powers in England.

Question 25

What title was Henry granted by the Convocation in 1531?

Answer 25

Head of the Church 'as far as the law of Christ allows.'

Question 26

What did the Act of Restraint of Appeals (1533) establish?

Answer 26

England as an empire under the king, removing Rome’s jurisdiction.

Question 27

Who declared Henry’s marriage to Catherine invalid?

Answer 27

Archbishop Cranmer.

Question 28

What did the 1534 Act of Supremacy declare?

Answer 28

Henry as the Supreme Head of the Church of England.

Question 29

What did the Treason Act of 1534 criminalize?

Answer 29

Speaking against the King’s authority or marriage.

Question 30

What happened to Thomas More in 1535?

Answer 30

He was executed for treason.

Question 31

What was the Valor Ecclesiasticus?

Answer 31

A survey of church wealth in 1535.

Question 32

What were the 1536 Royal Injunctions?

Answer 32

Orders to abandon pilgrimages and promote scripture.

Question 33

What triggered the Lincolnshire Rising and Pilgrimage of Grace?

Answer 33

Monastery closures and religious changes.

Question 34

What was the result of the Pilgrimage of Grace?

Answer 34

Rebels dispersed, then leaders were executed.

Question 35

What did the 1536 Act of Ten Articles change?

Answer 35

Reduced sacraments to three and leaned toward Protestantism.

Question 36

What did the 1537 Bishops’ Book do?

Answer 36

Reintroduced four sacraments with lesser importance.

Question 37

What did the 1538 Royal Injunctions require?

Answer 37

English Bible in every parish and removal of relics.

Question 38

Who was executed in 1538 for denying transubstantiation?

Answer 38

John Lambert.

Question 39

What did the Act of Six Articles affirm in 1539?

Answer 39

Traditional Catholic doctrines like transubstantiation.

Question 40

When were all monasteries dissolved?

Answer 40

By 1540.

Question 41

Why was Cromwell executed in 1540?

Answer 41

For arranging Henry's failed marriage to Anne of Cleves.

Question 42

Who was Henry’s fifth wife?

Answer 42

Catherine Howard.

Question 43

What happened to Catherine Howard in 1542?

Answer 43

She was executed for adultery.

Question 44

Who became Henry’s sixth and final wife?

Answer 44

Catherine Parr in 1543.

Question 45

What did the 1543 Act for the Advancement of True Religion restrict?

Answer 45

Bible reading to upper-class men and noblewomen.

Question 46

What did the 1544 Act of Succession do?

Answer 46

Restored Mary and Elizabeth to the line of succession.

Question 47

What town did Henry’s army capture in 1544?

Answer 47

Boulogne.

Question 48

What was the result of the 1546 Peace of Ardres?

Answer 48

It ended hostilities between England and France.

Question 49

Who was burned in 1546 for denying transubstantiation?

Answer 49

Anne Askew.

Question 50

Who did Henry appoint to Edward’s Regency Council?

Answer 50

A group of Protestants.

Question 51

When did Henry VIII die?

Answer 51

January 28, 1547.

Question 52

What was the Court of Augmentations?

Answer 52

A body created in 1540 to manage former monastic lands.

Question 53

What was the Supplication of the Ordinances (1532)?

Answer 53

A petition against Church laws without royal consent.

Question 54

Who succeeded Thomas More as Henry’s chief advisor?

Answer 54

Thomas Cromwell.

Question 55

What was the significance of the Matthew Bible (1537)?

Answer 55

It was a Protestant Bible with royal approval.

Question 56

What caused the 1545 French invasion attempt?

Answer 56

Hostilities resumed after Henry's campaign in Boulogne.

Question 57

What were chantries and what act addressed them?

Answer 57

Religious foundations for masses; Chantries Act of 1545.

Question 58

How did Henry increase parliamentary importance?

Answer 58

By passing major religious reforms through statute law.

Question 59

What replaced Annates in 1534?

Answer 59

Royal appointment of abbots and bishops.

Question 60

What was the Act of First Fruits and Tenths?

Answer 60

A tax on clerical income formerly paid to the Pope.

Question 61

What did the 1536 Act of Union with Wales do?

Answer 61

Integrated Wales under English legal administration.

Question 62

What was the result of the 1533 Act of Restraint of Appeals?

Answer 62

Legal cases could not be appealed to Rome.

Question 63

What role did Cromwell take in 1535?

Answer 63

Vicar General of the Church.

Question 64

What did the Submission of the Clergy in 1532 do?

Answer 64

Forced clergy to accept Henry as lawmaker.

Question 65

What book did Henry write in 1543?

Answer 65

The Necessary Doctrine and Erudition of a Christian Man.

Question 66

What did the 1534 Act for the Submission of the Clergy enforce?

Answer 66

Church appeals were to be heard in the King’s court.

Question 67

What did the Pilgrimage of Grace protest?

Answer 67

Dissolution of monasteries and religious reforms.

Question 68

How did the 1534 Treason Act change treason laws?

Answer 68

Made speech and writing against the king punishable.

Question 69

What was Henry’s main religious policy trend?

Answer 69

A blend of Catholic doctrine and Protestant reforms.

Question 70

What was the primary reason for Henry’s break with Rome?

Answer 70

Desire to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon.

Question 71

What role did the clergy’s praemunire charge play?

Answer 71

Weakened the Church’s legal autonomy in England.

Question 72

What did the 1533 annulment allow Henry to do?

Answer 72

Marry Anne Boleyn and legitimize Elizabeth.

Question 73

Who was Henry’s only legitimate male heir?

Answer 73

Edward VI.

Question 74

What caused friction with Charles V?

Answer 74

Henry’s annulment and alliance shifts.

Question 75

Why did Parliament grow more influential under Henry?

Answer 75

Religious changes were enacted through statute law.

Question 76

What was the goal of Cromwell’s Eltham Ordinances?

Answer 76

Reform Privy Council finances and eliminate rivals.

Question 77

Who protected Cranmer in 1543?

Answer 77

Henry VIII himself.

Question 78

What was the significance of Solway Moss in 1542?

Answer 78

A major English victory over Scotland.

Question 79

What triggered Henry’s move back toward Catholicism in 1539?

Answer 79

Fears of invasion after the Truce of Nice.

Question 80

What was Henry VIII’s religious stance at death?

Answer 80

A blend of Catholic ritual with Protestant governance.