Hepatic Disorders of Ruminants Flashcards
1
Q
How much of the liver needs to be gone for liver failure to occur?
A
Half of the capacity is lost/bypassed
2
Q
What are the clinical signs of liver failure?
A
Half of the capacity is lost/bypassed
3
Q
What are four potential clinical signs of hepatic failure that are seen?
A
- Loss of normal growth
- Depressed mentation (yawning/sleepy)
- Icterus (jaundice)
- Photosensitisation
- Tenesmus and diarrhoea
- Clotting is below par
4
Q
What are the causes of liver failure?
A
- Toxins – e.g., Pyrrolizidine alkaloids + Aflatoxins
- Accumulation – 35% fat in liver
- Environmental toxins – e.g., Dioxin
- Infectious disease – e.g., Bacillary haemoglobinuria caused by Clostridium haemolyticum
5
Q
What species of plant result in Pyrrolizidine alkaloid toxicity?
A
Senecio species, Amsinckia, Crotalaria
6
Q
What is the definition of hepatic lipidosis?
A
Above 35% fat in the liver
7
Q
What are the treatment options for fatty liver syndrome?
A
- Eliminate negative energy balance
- IV glucose continuous drip
- Insulin
- IM glucocorticoids
- Oral propylene glycol/glycerol
- Encourage animal to eat to reverse energy balances
