Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Flashcards
What is the main cause of Bovine Infectious Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and what are the three subtypes of the disease (and associated clinical signs)?
- Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 - with 3 subtypes called BHV-1.1 (respiratory), BHV-1.2 (respiratory and genital), and BHV type 5 (neurologic)
What is the causative agent for infectious pustular vulvovaginitis?
- Bovine Herpesvirus Type -1
What is a potential problem associated with using the IBR vaccine on pregnant cattle?
Potential to induce abortion
How is IB typically spread?
Every way - including venereal
What are the six main forms of IBR that are seen?
- Respiratory
- Abortion
- Ocular
- Infectious pustular vulvovaginitis
- Generalized neonatal infection
- Encephalitis
What are the specific clinical signs seen with the respiratory form of IBR?
- Red nose (inflammation of the muzzle and nostrils) + small white plaques in the nares
What are the ocular signs of IBR that are commonly observed?
- Severe conjunctivitis
- Excessive clear ocular discharge with corneal opacity
What are the main clinical signs that are seen with infectious pustular vulvovaginitis?
- Red spots and pustules lining the vulva and vagina
- Excessive tail twitching
- Frequent urination
When do abortions from IBR typically occur?
- Occur at around 5-6 months of gestation
Describe how an IBR infection appears in neonatal animals:
- Respiratory tract, GI tract, liver, kidneys, and adrenals involved - it is usually fatal
Describe the steps involved in the treatment and control of IBR infection?
- No effective treatment - antimicrobials and NSAID’s
- Isolate new additions for 30d
- Isolate before infected animals → rapid spread
- Vaccinate: Intranasal or a liver IM. Don’t give the live vaccine to neonatal calves or to pregnant animals
