Hepatitis B Flashcards
(29 cards)
What type of virus is hepatitis B?
double-stranded DNA hepadnavirus
(dsDNA)
How is hepatitis B spread?
Infected blood/ bodily fluids
Vertical transmission
How can an infection with hepatitis B present?
Fever
Jaundice
Elevated liver transaminases.
Who is typically offered treatment for hepatitis B?
HBsAg-positive
Compensated liver disease
Pregnant
Young
What is the first line management of hepatitis B?
Peginterferon alfa-2a
How long do most people take to recover from a hepatitis B infection?
2 months
What can happen to 10% of people infected with hepatitis B?
Become chronic carriers
What are HbsAg?
Surface antigens
What do Antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) indicate?
If if HBsAg is present for > 6 months, what does that suggest?
Chronic disease
if HBsAg is present for < 6 months, what does this suggest?
Acute disease
What is HBcAb?
Core antibody- implies past or current infection
What is HBsAb?
Surface antigen- implies vaccination or past or current infection
When is HBsAb negative?
In chronic disease
What would the results be if someone had previously been immunised?
Anti-HBs positive, all others negative
What would be the results in someone previous with hepatitis B (> 6 months ago), not a carrier?
Anti-HBc positive
HBsAg negative
What would the results be in someone who previously had hepatitis B and is now a carrier?
Anti-HBc positive
HBsAg positive
What are the 2 different forms of HBsAb?
IgG and IgM
When would IgG HBsAb be raised?
IgG indicates a past infection
When would IgM HBsAb be raised?
IgM implies an active infection and will give a high titre with an acute infection
What are the possible complications of chronic hepatitis B?
chronic hepatitis
hepatocellular carcinoma
polyarteritis nodosa
cryoglobulinaemia
What does
HBsAg negative
anti-HBs positive
IgG anti-HBc negative
IgM anti-HBc negative
indicate?
Previous immunisation
What does
HBsAg positive
anti-HBc IgG positive
anti-HBc IgM negative
Anti-HBs positive
indicate?
chronic hepatitis B infection
What does
positive HBsAg
Anti-HBc IgM positive
Anti-HBc IgG negative
Anti-HBs positive
Acute hepatitis B infection
