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my NPLEX II > Herb-Drug Interactions > Flashcards

Herb-Drug Interactions Flashcards

1
Q

What herb interacts with PPIs and why?

A

Achillea millefolium, Arctium lappa, Artemisia absinthium/vulgaris, Berberis aquifolium/vulgaris, Coleus, Cynara

D/t bitter properties and stimulation of HCl in the gut

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2
Q

What herbs can decrease drug absorption d/t increasing GI motility?

A

Achillea millefolium, Aloe vera latex, Arctium lappa, Artemisia absinthium/vulgaris, Berberis aquifolium/vulgaris, Cassia, Cynara

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3
Q

What herbs are contraindicated when combined with HRT can lead to estrogen excess?

A

Actaea racemosa (black cohosh), ***

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4
Q

What herb can decrease hot flashes caused by Tamoxifen?

A

Actaea racemosa

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5
Q

What herb(s) can cause hypoglycemic effects when combined with oral hypoglycemic meds (i.e. Metformin, Glyburide, Rosiglitazone, Insulin)?

A

Allium cepa/sativum, Aloe vera gel (internally), Arctium lappa, Artemisia vulgaris, Coleus, Commiphora myrrha

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6
Q

What herb(s) can potentiate (INC) anticoagulation therapy (I.e. Warfarin)?

What herb(s) can antagonize or block anticoagulation therapy (i.e. Warfarin)?

A

Allium cepa/sativum, Angelica sinensis, Capsella, Capsicum, Chamaelirium, Curcuma

Blocks - Ceanothus, Equisetum

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7
Q

What herbs can decrease drug absorption d/t polysaccharide action?

A

Aloe vera gel
Althea officinalis
Astragalus membranaceus

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8
Q

What herbs must avoid hypokalemic drugs?

And what are hypokalemic drugs?

A

Aloe vera latex, Cassia
Cathartics, Convallaria, Digitalis, Equisetum

Diuretics (Furosemide, HCTZ)
Corticosteroids (Hydrocortisone, Prednisone, Dexamethasone)
Cardiac glycosides (Digoxin, Convallaria, Digitalis, Leonarus)
Anti-Arrhythmias (atenolol, propranolol, amiodarone)
Pseudoephedrine
Glycyrrhiza

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9
Q

What herbs should be avoided if undergoing anti-PLT therapy d/t anti-PLT action?

A

Angelica sinensis

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10
Q

What herb is less effective when urine is acidified by Vit. C or cranberry?

A

Arctostaphylos uva ursi

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11
Q

What herb is more effective when combined with iron?

A

Artemisia annua

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12
Q

What herbs interact with cardiac glycosides (digoxin, convallaria, digitalis, leonarus)?

A

Asclepias tuberosa, Coleus, ***

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13
Q

What herbs can increase the action of Acyclovir and Interferon 1 and 2?

A

Astragalus membranaceus

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14
Q

What herbs can decrease the action of corticosteroids (hydrocortisone, prednisone, dexamethasone?

A

Astragalus membranaceus

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15
Q

What herbs can increase the action of anticholinergic drugs (i.e. atropine, bupropion, dextromethorphan, dicyclomine, diphenhydramine, tiotropium bromide, tolterodine, TCAs, amantadine)?

A

Atropa belladonna

Datura

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16
Q

What herb(s) induce CYP450?

A

Bacopa, Capsicum, Commiphora mukul,

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17
Q

What herb(s) INC thyroid hormone and potentiates (INC) Levothyroxine?

A

Bacopa

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18
Q

What herb(s) potentiate CCBs (i.e. Amlodipine)?

A

Bacopa

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19
Q

What herb(s) potentiate Sedative drugs?

What herb(s) antagonize sedative drugs?

What are some sedative drugs?

A

Bacopa (INC)

Camellia (DEC)

Antihistamines: Diphenhydramine, Hydroxyzine
Barbiturates: Phenobarbital
Benzos: Alprazolam/Diazepam
Opiates: Codeine, Hydrocodone, Morphine, Oxycodone, Methadone
Trazadone
Zolpidem

20
Q

What herb(s) potentiate (INC) Barbiturates (Phenobarbitol)?

A

Bacopa

Berberis vulgaris

21
Q

What herb(s) enhance NSAIDs (aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, celecoxib)?

A

Boswellia
Camellia
Coleus

22
Q

What herb dec iron absorption?

A

Camellia

23
Q

What herb(s) enhance the action of acetaminophen, clopidogrel, doxorubicin and warfarin?

A

Camellia

24
Q

What herb(s) INC CNS stimulants?

What are CNS stimulants?

A

Camellia

i.e caffeine, dextroamphetamine MDMA, methylphenidate, modafinil, pseudoephedrine

25
Q

Camellia when combined with what drug can lead to HTN?

A

MAOIs (Phenelzine)

26
Q

What 3 drugs can effect caffeine with Camellia and in what way?

A

Ciprofloxacin (inhibits caffeine elimination)

Phenytoin (INC elimination of caffeine)

OCPs INC caffeine effects

27
Q

What 2 drugs inhibit metabolism and INC/enhances action of Camellia?

A

Inhibit: Clozapine

Enhance: Amitriptyline

28
Q

What herb(s) INC action of opiates and barbiturates?

A

Cannibis

29
Q

Capsicum has a specific interaction with an Anti-HTN medicine, whats the med and interaction?

A

Enhances cough SE with ACEi (Lisinopril)

30
Q

What herbs(s) can interfere with angina tx and why?

A

Caulophyllum d/t vasoconstrictive action to heart vessels

31
Q

Cineraria has a synergistic effect with what kind of drugs?

A

Hepatotoxic

32
Q

What herbs when taken with other Tannins can DEC absorption?

A

Cinnamomum, Crataegus

33
Q

What does the essential oil form of cinnamomum deplete in the liver with long term use?

A

Glutathione

34
Q

What other 2 medications (1 category and 1 individual med) interact with Coleus?

(NOT cardiac glycosides, hypoglycemics, NSAIDs, PPIs)

A

Levothyroxine

Antihistamines

35
Q

What 2 drugs have decreased bioavailability when combined with Commiphora mukul?

A

Propranolol

Diltiazem

36
Q

What class of drugs interacts with Convallaria and Digitalis and can potentiate or INC their action?

A

Beta-blockers

37
Q

What drug does Cordyceps INC?

A

Epinephrine

38
Q

What drug class interacts with Cordalis as the have similar MOA?

A

CCBs

39
Q

What drug class can cause HTN with given with Crataegus?

A

B-blockers

40
Q

What class of drugs does Cynara interact with and INC effects? (not PPIs)

A

Atorvastatin (Statins)

41
Q

What herbs can antagonize or work against immune suppressive therapy (Adalimumab, Cyclosporine, Corticosteroids - Hydrocortisone, Prednisone, Dexamethasone)?

A

Echinacea

Eleutherococcus

42
Q

What herb(s) work against or antagonize the effects of alpha and beta-blockers?

A

Ephedra

43
Q

What herb(s) potentiate or INC sympathomimetics (Albuterol, Epinephrine, Phenylephrine, Pseudoephedrine, Salbutamol), caffeine, dextroamphetamine, methylphenidate, and MOAIs (Phenelzine)?

A

Ephedra

44
Q

What 2 drug classes does Eschscholzia INC or potentiate?

A

MAOIs (Phenelzine)

SSRIs (Fluoxetine)

45
Q

What drug does Ephedra INC clearance of?

A

Dextamethasone

my NPLEX II (28 decks)

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