Heredity Vocab Flashcards
(16 cards)
Heridity
The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.
Dominant Trait
The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred.
Recessive Trait
A trait that is apparent only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristics are inherited.
Gene
One set of instructions for an inherited trait.
Allele
One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color.
Phenotype
An organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristics
Genotype
The entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits.
Probability
The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event.
Meiosis
A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of the sex cells(gametes or spores)
Sex Chromosome
One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual.
Pedigree
A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living things and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live.
Nucleotide
In a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogeneus base.
Mutations
A change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule.
RNA
Ribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production.
Ribosome
A cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis.
