Higher Examples Flashcards
What examples are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the HoL in scrutinising government
+ In 2012, David Cameron’s governmental attempt to severely change the NHS was defeated in the HoL, as medically- experiences Lords, such as Lord Beecham, showed its flaws.
+ In 2015, the HoL could only delay a vote on controversial tax cuts, despite a majority house opposition to the bill.
What examples are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the opposition party in governmental scrutinisation
+ Boris Johnson’s youthful government suffered 6 defeats in its early months, at the hand of its Labour opposition, whom highlighted the flaws in the government no-deal plan.
+ Over a 10 year career, Tony Blair’s majority labour government was only ever defeated 4 times in the HoC.
What examples are used to evaluate the representational value of the FPTP “winner takes all” system
+ During the 2017 general election, 10% of MPs were not re-elected to their constituency - as they were held accountable by their constituents.
+ During the 2005 general election, the victorious Labour Party won just 35% of the national vote, yet a disproportionate 355 seats in the HoC - equating to over 50%.
What example is used to evaluate the representational value of the majority governments produced by FPTP
During their ten year career, Tony Blair’s immense majority labour government passed an average of 2,685 bills into law, each year - due to the ease of parliamentary success.
What examples can be used to evaluate Proportional representation in FPTP and AMS
+ During the 2015 general election, 191 of the total 650 UK constituencies were won by a candidate who received less than 30% of the total vote
+ During the 2016 Scottish parliamentary election, the SNP won 46.5% of votes and a resultant 48.8% of available seats.
What examples can be used to evaluate the government’s produced by FPTP and AMS
+ 4 of the 6 most recent governments have comprised of single party majorities.
+ During 2013, under a coalition government in the Scottish parliament, a decade low of 30 bills were passed into law.
What example can be used to evaluate the amount of choice given by FPTP
During the 2017 general election, 6.5 million votes were recorded as tactical- according to the electoral reform society
What examples can be used to evaluate the importance of social class on voting behaviour
+ During the 2017 general election, 44% of citizens in D or E wealth groups (broadly working class) voted for labour, whilst 46% of A or B citizens (upper class) votes for the Conservative party.
+ However, a YouGov survey revealed that, during the 2017 general election, the Conservative party won 44% of the UK’s total working class vote - compared to labour’s 42%
What examples can be used to evaluate the impact of media on voting behaviour
+ Over 10 million people watched the first televised debates, during the 2010 general election campaign - a sixth of the total population.
+ As a result of the 2010 televised debates, Nick Clegg jumped 1 points in public opinion polls - as he came across as composed and modern
+ However, despite this apparent increase in popularity, the Lib Dem’s only increased their vote percentage by 1% - during the 2010 general election.
What examples can be used to evaluate the impact of age on voting behaviour
+ During the 2017 general election, as a voter’s age increased by 1 years, their likeliness to vote for the Conservative party increased by 9%.
+ During the 2019 general election, the Labour Party spent 5 times as much on snapchat advertisment as their Conservative counterparts.
What example can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the 1970 equal pay act
As of 2019, a female employee typically learns £100,000 less a year than their male counterparts - over a 30 year career.
What example can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the equality act 2010
2 years after the acts implementation, a EHRC survey revealed that only 6% of employers had received complaints, regarding racial discrimination or abuse
What examples can be used to evaluate the impact of a changing economic structure on wealth inequality
+ In 2019, only 9.3% of Britain’s workforce were situated in manufacturing occupations, compared to the previous economic structure of the country – with the majority of workers being in such labour jobs.
+ As of 2018, 2.1 million British citizens work in the tech industry – one which did not exist around 35 years ago.
What examples can be used to evaluate the effect of regressive taxation on wealth inequality
+ In 2013, David Cameron’s Conservative government decreased the top income tax rate from 50% to 45%, allowing the wealthiest demographics to pay less – meaning in proportion the poorest had to pay more.
+ In 2019, Britain’s top 1% off wealth categories accounted for 27% of of the country’s total taxation value.
What examples can be used to evaluate the effect of education on wealth inequality
+ Despite the fact that only 7% of the UK general population attend a private school, professional careers are dominated by such attendees – with 70% of judicial judges attending private establishments.
+ Of those born in 1970, private school attendees typically have an annual income that is 21% greater than their public school counterparts – by the time they reach an age of 30.
