Hindlimb

Question 1

Describe main muscle groups & their action on hindlimb

Answer 1

Gluteal muscles:
Includes gluteus maximus, gluteus medius & gluteus minimus
Responsible for extending hip joint, abducting hindlimb & stabilising pelvis

Hamstring muscles:
Includes biceps femoris, semimembranosus & semitendinosus muscles
Responsible for flexing hip joint, extending stifle joint & flexing hock joint

Quadriceps muscles:
Includes rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis & vastus intermedius muscles
Responsible for extending stifle joint & flexing hip joint

Gastrocnemius muscles:
Gastrocnemius muscles responsible for flexing hock joint & extending stifle

Tibialis muscles:
Tibialis muscles responsible for flexing hock joint & extending stifle joint

Question 2

Label the image

Answer 2

1. Superficial gluteal – extend hip & abduct hindlimb
2. Middle gluteal – extend hip & abduct hindlimb
3. Deep gluteal – extend hip & abduct hindlimb
4. Biceps femoris – flex hip, extend stifle & flex hock
5. Semimembranosus - flex hip, extend stifle & flex hock
6. Semitendinosus - flex hip, extend stifle & flex hock
7. Quadriceps femoris – extend stifle, flex hip
8. Gastrocnemius – flex hock & extend stifle
9. Cranial tibial– flex hock & extend stifle
10. Sartorius – flex hip, extend stifle
11. Popliteus – flexing stifle & rotating tibia
12. Adductor – adducting hindlimb
13. Common calcaneal tendon – extending hock & flexing stifle
14. Cranial tibial – flexing stifle & extending hock
15. Long peroneal – extending hock
16. Superficial digital flexor tendon – flexing digits & extending hock
17. Deep digital flexor tendon – flexing digits & flexing hock

Question 3

Label the stifle joint

Answer 3

1. Patella
2. Meniscus
3. Collateral ligament
4. Cruciate ligament

Question 4

Label the image

Answer 4

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

What is the lumbosacral plexus

Answer 6

Network of nerves that arise from spinal cord & lower back that innervate hindlimb

Originate from ventral rami of spinal nerves L4-S3

Located in pelvic region

Question 7

Fill in the table

Answer 7

Question 8

Fill in the table

Answer 8