Hip

Question 1

Ilium

Answer 1

Larges part
Expanded superior to form three fan-shaped ala
Forms two-fifths of the acetabulum

Question 2

Ilium - body

Answer 2

Expands superiority from acetabulum into a flattened ala (wing)

Question 3

Ilium - crest

Answer 3

Superior border
Provides origin and insertion points for the abdominal muscles

Question 4

Ilium - fossa

Answer 4

Medial surface of the iliac ala
Origin to the iliacus muscle

Question 5

Ilium - anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

Answer 5

Small projection
Forms the anterior point of the iliac crest

Question 6

Ilium - anterior inferior iliac spine

Answer 6

Small projection
From the anterior border of the ilium
Origin point for the inguinal ligament

Question 7

Ilium - posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)

Answer 7

Small projection
Forms posterior border of the iliac crest

Question 8

Ilium - posterior inferior iliac spine

Answer 8

Small posterior projection
Lies above the greater sciatic notch
Origin point for the piriformis muscle

Question 9

Ilium - inferior gluteal line

Answer 9

Thin ridge
Origin of the gluteus minimus muscle

Question 10

Ilium - posterior gluteal line

Answer 10

Thin ridge on the ilium body
Marks the division between the origin of the gluteus maximus and gluteus medius muscles

Question 11

Pubis

Answer 11

Smallest and moat anterior part of the hip bone
Articulates with the opposite bone at the pubic symphysis

Question 12

Pubis - body

Answer 12

Flattened
Medially facing symphyseal surface

Question 13

Pubis - inferior ramus

Answer 13

Passes downwards and forwards to join with the ramus of the ischium

Question 14

Pubis - superior ramus

Answer 14

Passes superiority from the body and fuse with the body of the ischium

Question 15

Ischium

Answer 15

Lower, posterior part of the hip bone

Question 16

Ischium - body

Answer 16

Robust L-shaped bone
Passes downwards deform the acetabulum

Question 17

Ischium - spine

Answer 17

Posterior projection
Separates the greater and lesser sciatic notches

Question 18

Ischium - ramus

Answer 18

Passes downwards and forwards to join with the inferior ramus of the pubis

Question 19

Ischium - tuberosity

Answer 19

Large, roughened tuberosity on the posteroinferior surface of the ischium
Origin for the hamstring muscles

Question 20

Ischium - lesser sciatic notch

Answer 20

Shallow notch
Between the ischial spine and ischial tuberosity

Question 21

Ischium - greater sciatic notch

Answer 21

Deep posterior notch
Between the posterior inferior iliac spine and the ischial spine

Question 22

Ischium - obturator foramen

Answer 22

In the front of the pelvis
Formed by the pubis and the ischium

Question 23

Ischium - acetabulum

Answer 23

A cup-shaped depression
Formed by the ilium, ischium and pubis
For articulation, through its horseshoe-shaped articular surface, with the femoral head

Question 24

Sacroiliac joint

Answer 24

Sacrum and ilium
Synovial capsule
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrous
Flexibility isn’t good
Rigidity
Two sides of the joint lock together

Question 25

Lumbosacral joint

Answer 25

Lumber and sacrum Fibrocartilage Similar to vertebrae discs - pulpy middle Shock absorber Slightly movable

Question 26

Coxal (hip) joint

Answer 26

Acetabulum and head of femur Ball and socket synovial joint Three degrees of freedom Flexion and extension Abduction and adduction Medial and lateral rotation

Question 27

Iliolumbar ligament

Answer 27

Limits lateral extension of the spine Improve resilience

Question 28

Pubic ligament

Answer 28

Supports the pubic symphysis

Question 29

Anterior longitudinal ligaments

Answer 29

Limits posterior flexion

Question 30

Sacrospinous ligament

Answer 30

Runs from the sacrum to the ischial spine

Question 31

Sacrotuberous ligament

Answer 31

Runs from the sacrum down towards the tissue of the tuberosity Stabilise sacroiliac joint Resists rotational forces

Question 32

Iliofemoral ligament

Answer 32

Strongest Toughest Support hip capsule and joint

Question 33

Pubofemoral ligament

Answer 33

Triangular thickening of the inferior part of the capsule

Question 34

Ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 34

Inserts half way

Question 35

Intertrochanteric line

Answer 35

Between the lesser and greater trochanter

Question 36

Acetabulum - acetabula labrum

Answer 36

Fibrocartilage Deepening Stabilising

Question 37

Acetabulum - articular cartilage

Answer 37

Horseshoe-shaped Supports articulation of the femur head Hyaline cartilage

Question 38

Acetabulum - transverse acetabula ligament

Answer 38

Runs across the acetabula/obturator foramen Closes off the socket Supports the ligaments. Of the head of the femur

Question 39

Acetabulum - ligamentum teres

Answer 39

Off the head of the femur Keeps the head of the femur in the socket Arteries supplying the femur

Question 40

Acetabulum - fat pad

Answer 40

Sensory function Shock absorber

Question 41

Acetabulum - acetabula notch

Answer 41

Access for - nutritive vessels; branches of obturator, deep femoral

Question 42

Capsule

Answer 42

Anterior - intertrochanteric line Posterior - halfway along the neck of the femur Made from circular, longitudinal fibres

Question 43

Nerves supply

Answer 43

Branches of femoral nerve - anterior over the brim of the pelvis to the thigh Branches of the obturator nerve - from and through the obturator foramen to the thigh Branches of the sciatic nerve - large, from the sciatic notch down posteriorly to the thigh

Question 44

Blood supply

Answer 44

Anastomosis - multiple ways of getting the blood to the structure Lateral and medial circumflex arteries

Question 45

Hip extensors

Answer 45

Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

Question 46

Hip flexors

Answer 46

Psoas major Iliacus Iliopsoas Rectus femoris Sartorius Pectineus

Question 47

Hip adductors

Answer 47

Pectineus Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor Magnus Gracilis

Question 48

Hip abductors and medial rotators

Answer 48

Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Tensor fasciae latae (TFL)

Question 49

Hip lateral rotators

Answer 49

Piriformis Gemellus superior Obturator internus Gemellus inferior Quadratus femoris