Wrist And Hand

Question 1

Carpal bones

Answer 1

Radiocarpal joint
Intercarpal joint
Carpometacarpal joint

Question 2

Carpal bones - scaphoid

Answer 2

Proximal row of the carpal bones
Lateral to lunate

Question 3

Carpal bones - lunate

Answer 3

Proximal row of carpal bones
Lateral to triquetrum
Medial to scaphoid

Question 4

Carpal bones - triquetrum

Answer 4

Proximal row of carpal bones
Medial to lunate

Question 5

Carpal bones - pisiform

Answer 5

Small, pea-shaped sesamoid bone
Lies within the tendon of flexor carpi Ulnaris

Question 6

Carpal bones - trapezium

Answer 6

Distal row of carpal bones
Lateral to trapezoid

Question 7

Carpal bones - trapezoid

Answer 7

Distal row of carpal bones
Medial to trapezium
Lateral to capitate

Question 8

Carpal bones - capitate

Answer 8

Distal row of carpal bones
Medial to trapezoid
Lateral to hamate

Question 9

Carpal bones - hamate

Answer 9

Distal row of carpal bones
Medial to capitate

Question 10

Metacarpals

Answer 10

Five miniature long bones in the palm of the hand
Base-shaft-head
Carpometacarpal joints
Intermetacarpal joints
Metacarpophalangeal joints

Question 11

Phalanges

Answer 11

Fourteen miniature long bones of the digits
Three in each finger and two in the thumb
Proximal-middle-distal
Metacarpophalangeal joints
Interphalangeal joints

Question 12

Capsule

Answer 12

From radius to ulna and proximal row of carpals
Heavily supported by collateral, palmar and dorsal ligaments
Synovial fold - proprioceptive role and sensory function ads it has lots of nerves

Question 13

Ligaments

Answer 13

Ulnar collateral and radial collateral ligaments - prevents medial and lateral movements
Palmar and dorsal Radiocarpal ligaments
Allows the hand to follow the rotation of the radius around the ulna

Question 14

Blood supply

Answer 14

Radial and ulnar arteries - dorsal and palmar carpal arches
Median artery branch of the brachial artery
Median Cubital vein - branch from the basilic vein and turns into the median vein

Question 15

Nerve supply to palmar aspect

Answer 15

Median nerve - under carpal tunnel, thumb, index, middle and half of the ring finger
Ulnar nerve - superficial branch: little and half of the ring finger, deep branch: medial Lumbrical, adductor pollicis, interossei, hypothenar muscles, flexor pollicis brevis

Question 16

Nerve supply to dorsum aspect

Answer 16

Radial nerve - thumb, index, middle and half of the ring finger
Ulnar nerve - little and half of the ring finger, palmar ulnar nerve does the fingertips
Median nerve - palmar branch comes over and does fingertips

Question 17

Wrist flexors

Answer 17

Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor carpi radialis

Question 18

Wrist extensors

Answer 18

Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Question 19

Wrist adductors

Answer 19

Flexor carpi ulnaris
Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 20

Wrist abductors

Answer 20

Flexor carpi radialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Question 21

Intercarpal joint

Answer 21

Between the carpal bones
Plane synovial joint
Small gliding movement s augment wrist movements

Question 22

Carpometacarpal joint

Answer 22

Between the carpal bones and metacarpals
Plane synovial joint (except the thumb)
More movement at medial Carpometacarpal joints

Question 23

Intermetacarpal joint

Answer 23

Between the metacarpals
Plane synovial joint
Small gliding movements

Question 24

Metacarpophalangeal joint

Answer 24

Between the metacarpals and phalanges
Condyloid synovial joint
Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Question 25

Interphalangeal joint

Answer 25

Between the phalanges Hinge synovial joint Flexion and extension

Question 26

Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

Answer 26

Between the trapezium (carpal bone) and the metacarpal of the thumb Saddle synovial joint Mobility is due to the shape of articular surfaces Abduction, adduction, extension, flexion, opposition and reposition

Question 27

Thenar group

Answer 27

Adductor pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Flexor pollicis brevis

Question 28

Hypothenar group

Answer 28

Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi

Question 29

Mid palmar group

Answer 29

Palmar interossei Dorsal interossei Lumbricals

Question 30

Extensor hood

Answer 30

Across the middle phalanx Extensor Digitorum tendon divides into three slips One inserted into middle phalanx Two join together and insert on distal phalanx Allows muscles to have extensive action at the finger

Question 31

Flexor tendons to fingers

Answer 31

Flexor Digitorum Profundus tendon found deep anteriorly Flexor Digitorum Superficialis tendon divides to control all the fingers - splits to make a hole which allows the flexor Digitorum Profundus to run through Vincula brevia and vinculum longus stabilises the tendon of flexor Digitorum Profundus and Superficialis

Question 32

Anatomical snuff box

Answer 32

Medial side of the hand Extensor pollicis longus; inserts at base of distal phalanx and extensor pollicis brevis tendons; inserts at base off proximal phalanx

Question 33

Carpal tunnel

Answer 33

Tight space Flexor Digitorum Superficialis and Profundus, flexor pollicis longus and median nerve runs through Flexor Retinaculum - transverse carpal ligament