Hip Flashcards
(19 cards)
Avascular necrosis (AVN)
Loss of blood supply
Causing deterioration
Reduces active and passive range of motion
Muscle tightened
Trauma - fall, knocked
Gradual
Vascular
Avascular necrosis (AVN): direct cause
Irradiation
Trauma
Hematologic diseases
Dysbaric disorders - decompression sickness
Caisson disease
Marrow-replacing diseases
Sickle cell anemia
Avascular necrosis (AVN): indirect cause
Chronic steroid use
Chronic alcoholism
Hypercoagulable states
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Viral infections - CMV, hepatitis, HIV, rubella, rubeola, varicella
Osteoarthritis: direct cause
Normal age related changes
Previous injury to the area
Repetitive activities
Physical job
Inheriting certain genetics
Osteoarthritis: indirect cause
Overweight
Weak muscles
Poor exercise tolerance
Neck of femur fracture: direct cause
Osteoporosis
Trauma
Neck of femur fracture: indirect cause
Women > men
Women over 60 years
Men over 65 years
Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS): direct causes
Morphology (shape) of the pelvis
Secondary to osteoarthritis of the hip/ knee
Excessive or sudden increase in physical activity or repetitive movements
Fall onto your hip
Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS): indirect cause
Female are four times more likely
Aged between 40-60 years and
Up to 35% of people with lower back pain will also have GTPS
Hip dysplasia
Shallow acetabulum that’s developed during early stage development womb
30-40 years old
Hip dysplasia: direct cause
First born child
Women are two times more likely to
Family history
Perthes disease
AVN of femoral head in children
Cause is majorly unknown
Perthes disease: direct cause
Blood supply temporary disrupted
Genetic
Perthes disease: indirect cause
Age related - 4-10 years
Five times more common in boys
10-15% both hips impacted
Slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE): direct cause
Unknown
Theory - imbalance between pituitary growth and gonadal imbalance
Slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE): indirect cause
Obesity
Usually tall children
Delayed gonadal development
Hernias, aneurysms and benign lumps
Inguinal lymphadenopathy secondary to multiple causes
Inguinal hernia
Femoral hernia
Femora artery aneurysm
Lipoma
Sebaceous cyst
Pathological causes
Trochanteric bursitis
Iliotibial band syndrome
Meralagia paraesthetica
Avascular necrosis
Labral tears
Referred from lumbar spine
Referred from sacroiliac joint
Orthopaedic/ rheumatological causes
Osteoarthritis
Septic arthritis
Osteomyelitis
Hip dislocation
Gout
Fractured neck of femur
