Hip and Knee

Question 1

Iliopsoas

Answer 1

Origin = inner surface of ilium
Iliacus = inner surface of ilium
Psoas major = lower borders of transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae 1-5
Insertion
Both = lesser trochanter of femur and shaft just below

Question 2

Iliopsoas actions

Answer 2

hip flexion, anterior pelvic rotation, external rotation of hip

Question 3

iliopsoas nerve

Answer 3

lumbar nerve and femoral nerve

Question 4

pectineus

Answer 4

Origin = space 1-inch wide on front of pubis just above crest
Insertion = rough line leading from lesser trochanter down to linea aspera

Question 5

pectineus action

Answer 5

flexion, adduction, external rotation of hip, anterior pelvic rotation

Question 6

pectineus nerve

Answer 6

femoral nerve

Question 7

Rectus Femoris

Answer 7

Origin = AIIS and groove above acetabulum

Insertion = superior aspec of patella and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity

Question 8

rectus femoris action

Answer 8

hip flexion, knee extension, anterior pelvic rotation

Question 9

rectus femoris nerve

Answer 9

femoral nerve

Question 10

rectus femurs strong when

Answer 10

hip is flexed

Question 11

Sartorius

Answer 11

Origin = ASIS and notch just below spine

Insertion = anterior medial surface of tibia just below condyle

Question 12

Sartorius actions

Answer 12

flexion of hip and knee, external rotation of thigh as it flexes hip/knee, hip abduction, anterior pelvic rotation

Question 13

sartorius nerve

Answer 13

femoral nerve

Question 14

sartorius stronger when

Answer 14

knee is extended

Question 15

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 15

Origin = posterior ¼ of crest of ilium, posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx near ilium
Insertion = oblique ridge on lateral surface of greater trochanter, iliotibial band of fasciae latae

Question 16

gluteus maximus action

Answer 16

Action = extension and external rotation of hip, posterior pelvic rotation, upper fibers help with hip abduction and lower fibers with hip adduction

Question 17

Biceps Femoris

Answer 17

Origin
Long head = ischial tuberosity
Short head = lower half of linea aspera and lateral condylar ridge

Insertion
Lateral condyle of tibia and head of fibula

Question 18

Biceps Femoris action

Answer 18

Actions: knee flexion, hip extension and external rotation, external rotation of flexed knee, posterior pelvic rotation

Question 19

Biceps femoris nerve

Answer 19

long head:sciatic nerve - tibial division

short head: sciatic nerve - peroneal division

Question 20

Semitendinosus

Answer 20

Origin = ischial tuberosity

Insertion = anterior medial surface of tibia

Question 21

Semitendinosus action

Answer 21

Actions = knee flexion, hip extension and internal rotation, internal rotation of flexed knee, posterior pelvic rotation

Question 22

semitendinosus nerve

Answer 22

sciatic nerve (tibial divison)

Question 23

gluteus medius

Answer 23

Origin = lateral surface of ilium below frest

Insertion = posterior and middle surfaces of greater trochanter

Question 24

gluteus medius actions

Answer 24

hip abduction, lateral pelvic rotation (ipsilateral)

anterior fibers
internal rotation, flexion of hip and anterior pelvic rotation

posterior fibres
external rotation, extension of hip, and posterior pelvic rotation

Question 25

gluteus minimus

Answer 25

``` Origin = lateral surface of ilium below origin of gluteus medius Insertion = anterior surface of greater trochanter ```

Question 26

gluteus minimus action

Answer 26

hip abduction, lateral pelvic rotation (ipsilateral), hip flexion, anterior pelvic rotation

Question 27

tensor fasciae latae

Answer 27

Origin = anterior iliac crest, surface of ilium just below crest Insertion = ¼ of way down thigh into iliotibial tract/band

Question 28

tensor fasciae latae actions

Answer 28

hip flexion and abduction, anterior pelvic rotation, internally rotate hip as it flexes

Question 29

Adductor Brevis

Answer 29

Origin = front of inferior pubic ramus Insertion = lower 2/3 of pectineal line and upper half of linea aspera

Question 30

adductor brevis actions

Answer 30

adduction, external rotation of hip, assists in flexion and anterior pelvic rotation

Question 31

adductor brevis nerve

Answer 31

obturator nerve

Question 32

adductor longus

Answer 32

Origin = anterior pubis just below crest Insertion = middle 1/3 of linea aspera

Question 33

adductor action

Answer 33

adduction of hip, assists in flexion, and anterior pelvic rotation

Question 34

adductor nerve

Answer 34

obturator nerve

Question 35

adductor magnus

Answer 35

Origin = edge of entire ramus of pubis and ischium, ischial tuberosity Insertion = linea aspera, inner condyloid ridge, and adductor tubercle

Question 36

adductor magnus action

Answer 36

adductrion, external rotation, extension of hip

Question 37

adductor magnus nerve

Answer 37

``` obturator (anterior sciatic nerve (posterior) ```

Question 38

Gracilis

Answer 38

Origin = anteromedial edge of descending ramus of pubis Insertion = anterior medial surface of tibia just below condyle

Question 39

gracilis action

Answer 39

adduction, internal rotation of hip, weak flexion and internal rotation of knee, weak flexion of hip

Question 40

gracilis nerve

Answer 40

obturator nerve

Question 41

Vastus lateralis

Answer 41

Origin = intertrochanteric line, anterior & inferior borders of greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, upper ½ of linea aspera Insertion = lateral border of patella, patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity

Question 42

vastus lateralis nerve

Answer 42

femoral nerve

Question 43

vastus lateralis action

Answer 43

knee extension

Question 44

vastus intermedius

Answer 44

Origin = upper 2/3 of anterior surface of femur Insertion = upper border of patella and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity

Question 45

vastus intermedius nerve

Answer 45

femoral nerve

Question 46

vastus intermedius action

Answer 46

knee extension

Question 47

Vastus Medialis

Answer 47

Origin = whole length of linea aspera, medial condyloid ridge Insertion = medial half of upper border of patella and patellar tendon to tibial tuberosity

Question 48

vastus medialis nerve

Answer 48

femoral nerve

Question 49

vastus medialis action

Answer 49

knee extension

Question 50

popliteus

Answer 50

``` Origin = posterior surface of lateral condyle of femur Insertion = upper posterior medial surface of tibia ```

Question 51

popliteus action

Answer 51

knee flexion, internal rotation of knee as flexes

Question 52

popliteus nerve

Answer 52

tibial nerve

Question 53

popliteus facts

Answer 53

only true flexor at the knee posterolateral stabilizer -hang from bar with knee flexed