Hip Dislocation And Fractures

Question 1

Most common type of hip dislocation

Answer 1

Posterior dislocation

Question 2

What nerve may be affected with posterior hip dislocations

Answer 2

Sciatic nerve

Question 3

What nerve may be affected in anterior hip dislocation

Answer 3

Femoral nerve

Question 4

If someone has a posterior hip dislocation, what position would the leg be in?

Answer 4

Adducted, flexed, internally rotated.

Question 5

2 most common causes of AVN in adults

Answer 5

Steroid and alcohol

Question 6

When AVN of femoral head occurs in children, what is it called

Answer 6

Legg-calve-perthes disease

Question 7

People with AVN of femoral head have a decrease in what 2 motions?

Answer 7

Internal and external rotation

Question 8

Most sensitive and specific diagnostic imaging test for AVN of femoral head

Answer 8

MRI

Question 9

What is seen on T1 and T2 weighted MRI images of AVN of femoral head

Answer 9

T1 = low signal intensity
T2 = double line sign

Question 10

How do you treat AVN of femoral head

Answer 10

Pediatric - brace and cast.

Adults - osteotomy or THA

Question 11

When is risk for PE after hip fracture highest?

Answer 11

During 2nd and 3rd week

Question 12

Most common complication after hip replacement

Answer 12

Heterotopic ossification

Question 13

Incidence of HO after THA

Answer 13

50%

Question 14

1 year and 2 year mortality rate for THA

Answer 14

1 year = 20-30%

2 year = 40%

Question 15

Garden classification for intracapsular fractures

Answer 15

1 = incomplete, valgus
2 = incomplete, nondisplaced
3 = partially displaced
4 = completely displaced

Question 16

What artery is involved in AVN of femoral head

Answer 16

Medial circumflex femoral artery

Question 17

What position is leg in if hip fractured

Answer 17

Shortened and externally rotated

Question 18

Which garden classification intracapsular fractures can be treated with rehab?

Answer 18

1 and 2

Question 19

Difference in rehab between cemented THA and uncemented THA

Answer 19

Cement = FWB/WBAT immediately
Uncemented = PWB or FWB, higher risk of loosening and pain

Question 20

Most common type of hip fracture

Answer 20

Intertrochanteric hip fracture

Question 21

2 types of femoral neck stress fractures

Answer 21

Compression and transverse/tension type fractures

Question 22

Most common type of femoral stress fracture

Answer 22

Compression type

Question 23

Location of compression type femoral neck stress fractures

Answer 23

Along the inferior neck

Question 24

Location of tension/transverse type femoral neck stress fractures

Answer 24

Superior femoral neck

Question 25

Which is more stable - compression or tension type femoral neck stress fracture?

Answer 25

Compression-type

Question 26

When are bone scans positive after femoral neck stress fracture

Answer 26

2-8 days after symptoms start

Question 27

Compression vs tension/transverse type stress fracture - Which is treated with rehab and which is treated with surgery

Answer 27

``` Compression = rehab Transverse = surgery ```

Question 28

In slipped capital femoral epiphysis, where is the location of the injury?

Answer 28

Epiphyseal growth plate at head of femur

Question 29

Which motion is limited in a patient with SCFE

Answer 29

Internal rotation

Question 30

How do you treat a SCFE?

Answer 30

Nonweight bearing | Refer to ortho

Question 31

Mechanism that causes ischial tuberosity avulsion fracture

Answer 31

Forced hamstring contraction with knee in extension and hip flexed

Question 32

What is weaver's bottom also known as?

Answer 32

Ischial tuberosity bursitis

Question 33

How can you tell difference between ischial tuberosity bursitis vs ischial tuberosity avulsion?

Answer 33

``` Bursitis = insidious onset, progressively worsens Avulsion = acute ```

Question 34

ASIS avulsion fracture involves what muscle?

Answer 34

Sartorius

Question 35

What muscle is involved with AIIS avulsion?

Answer 35

Rectus femoris

Question 36

What muscles originate at the ASIS

Answer 36

Sartorius and TFL

Question 37

What causes osteitis pubis?

Answer 37

Overuse of adductor muscles results in inflammation of the pubic symphysis