Hip evaluation

Question 1

What are the objectives of hip evaluation?

Answer 1

Perform a comprehensive evaluation of the hip and thigh
Identify conditions presenting in outpatient settings
Understand underlying causes of hip/thigh dysfunction

None

Question 2

What does FAI stand for?

Answer 2

Femoroacetabular Impingement

None

Question 3

What are the two main classifications of hip pathology?

Answer 3

Intra-Articular Hip Pathology
Extra-Articular Hip Pathology

None

Question 4

What are common signs of intra-articular hip pathology?

Answer 4

Anterior or peritrochanteric hip pain
May radiate to the buttock or groin

None

Question 5

What are characteristics of extra-articular hip pathology?

Answer 5

Involves tendons, bursae, muscles
Localized tenderness, often over greater trochanter

None

Question 6

What are the key signs of Osteoarthritis (OA) in the hip?

Answer 6

Moderate anterior/lateral hip pain with WB
Morning stiffness < 1 hour
↓ Hip IR PROM (<25°) & ROM differences (>15°)
Age > 50

CPR for OA includes specific symptoms.

Question 7

What does the acronym CPR stand for in the context of hip OA?

Answer 7

Clinical Prediction Rule

CPR helps in diagnosing conditions based on specific signs.

Question 8

What are the positive signs for OA according to the CPR?

Answer 8

• Pain ↑ with squatting
• Lateral hip pain w/ hip flex AROM
• Pain with Scour Test
• Pain with hip extension AROM
• Hip IR PROM < 25°

A combination of 3 out of 5 signs indicates a higher likelihood of OA.

Question 9

What are common signs of labral tears?

Answer 9

Anterior groin pain or C-sign
Clicking, giving way, sharp pain
Pain ↑ with sitting, standing, squatting

Commonly co-exists with FAI.

Question 10

What are the risk factors for Avascular Necrosis (AVN)?

Answer 10

• Steroid use
• Alcoholism
• Sickle cell anemia

AVN can lead to severe hip complications if not managed early.

Question 11

What are the signs of AVN?

Answer 11

• Hip extension ROM < 15° (SP 92%)
• Pain in groin (55%)
• Pain in thigh (57%)
• Pain in buttock (71%)
• Pain in knee (22%)

Referral is required for early management.

Question 12

What is the purpose of the FADIR special test?

Answer 12

To assess for FAI, Labral Tear, OA

Sensitivity: 94–99; Specificity: 8

Question 13

What does a positive FABER test indicate?

Answer 13

Pain (groin/posterior/SIJ)

Sensitivity: 81; Specificity: 25

Question 14

What is a common condition associated with greater trochanteric pain syndrome?

Answer 14

Tenderness over gluteal muscles

Common in older adults.

Question 15

What are the signs of snapping hip syndrome?

Answer 15

Audible/palpable snap during hip movement

Can be internal (iliopsoas) or external (TFL/ITB).

Question 16

Fill in the blank: Muscle strains can be graded from I (mild) to _______.

Answer 16

III (complete tear)

Strains are often caused by sudden activity.

Question 17

What are the key pediatric hip conditions?

Answer 17

• SCFE
• LCPD
• Apophysitis/Avulsions
• Hip Dysplasia

Referral is needed for all pediatric red flags.

Question 18

What are the common sources of referred pain in hip conditions?

Answer 18

• Lumbar spine
• SIJ/pelvis
• Viscera

Regional interdependence should always be assessed.

Question 19

What should be integrated for clinical reasoning during hip evaluation?

Answer 19

Subjective + objective data

This helps in confirming the structure and relevant tests.