Hip, Spine, Pelvis, Thorax

Question 1

Angle of inclination

Answer 1

Angle between the neck and the shaft of the femur where abnormalities of the angle change the wear pattern in the femoral head, thus the relative alignment/wbing, of the LE joint

Question 2

Angle of torsion

Answer 2

Angle between the neck of the femur and the axis through the femoral condyles= anteversion or retroversion, which are compensated for by toeing in or toeing out foot patterns

Question 3

Form closure

Answer 3

Shape of sacrum wedged b/w the illi, holding joints in closed pack positions

Question 4

Forced closure

Answer 4

Compression of the SIJ’s through the Tonic Contractions of the transversus abdominus (acts like a corset); gluteus Maximus also plays a role

Question 5

Nutation

Answer 5

Sacroiliac joint motion
Top of sacrum tips forward

Question 6

Counternutation

Answer 6

Top of sacrum tips back

Question 7

Abductors of the LE

Answer 7

Tensor fascia lata
Sartrious
Gluteus medius

Question 8

TSF

Answer 8

ASIS to the iliotibial band which inserts on the proximal tibia

Question 9

ADDUCTORS

Answer 9

Pectineus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor mangnus
Gracilis

Question 10

The deep six

Answer 10

Piriformus
Gemellus superior and inferior
Obturator internus and externus
Quadratus femoris

Question 11

Ligamnetum flavum

Answer 11

Connects one vertebrae to the next along the posterior surface of the vertebral canal preventing flexion

Question 12

Intertransverse ligaments

Answer 12

Between the transverse processes preventing lateral flexion (side flexion)

Question 13

Illiolumbar ligament

Answer 13

From L4-L5 transverse processes and QL fibres to the ilium to secure the L5 to the sacrum

Question 14

Nuchal ligament

Answer 14

Skull to upper cervical vertabrae

Question 15

Supraspinous ligament

Answer 15

Along the spinous processes and resist flexion

Question 16

Interspinous ligament

Answer 16

Deep to the supraspinous ligament preventing flexion

Question 17

Structure of spine

Answer 17

7 cervical lordosis
12 thoracic kyphosis
5 lumbar lordosis

Question 18

What is respiration controlled by

Answer 18

The autonomic system, but can be controlled by voluntary

Question 19

What are ribs 3 functions

Answer 19

Protection
Attachment of muscles
Drive breathing mechanics

Question 20

Ribs

Answer 20

Top 7 are true ribs
Ribs 8-10 are false ribs
11-12 are floating ribs
Ribs get larger 1-7 then decrease

Question 21

Inspiration muscles

Answer 21

Diaphragm
External intercostals

Question 22

Expiration muscles

Answer 22

Passive process with diaphragm and external intercostals

Question 23

Muscles in respiration and what the do (5)

Answer 23

Sternocliedoidmastoid- elevates anterior upper 2 ribs
Upper trapezius- elevates clavicle and scapula
QL- stabilizes lower ribs against pull of diaphragm
Rectus abdomenis- flexes trunk
Internal and external obliques- compresses abdominal cavity