hip-y

Question 1

what is a normal angle of inclination of the proximal femur?

Answer 1

125 degrees

Question 2

what is the angle associated with coxa vara in the proximal femur? how does this change the stress put on the femoral neck?

Answer 2

105 degrees

increases the stress on the neck

Question 3

what is the angle of inclination associated with coxa valga? how does this change the stress put on the femur?

Answer 3

140 degrees

increases the compression on the head of the femur, the is more joint coverage

Question 4

what is range of torsional angle is considered normal?

Answer 4

10-15 degrees

Question 5

what torsional angle is associated with excessive anteversion?

Answer 5

35 degrees

Question 6

what is a major risk of excessive anteversion? what is a walking pattern you might see to help you diagnose this?

Answer 6

increases oa risk

toe in due due to increased coverage of the femoral head

Question 7

what torsional angle is associated with retroversion?

Answer 7

5 degrees

Question 8

what health risks are associated with retroversion?

what kind of walking pattern might you see here?

Answer 8

toe out gait pattern

increased oa risk

Question 9

as shown in the craig’s test, if a patient has increased internal rotation, will this produce increased anteversion of retroversion? what position is in the patient in?

Answer 9

increased anteversion

prone, leg bent to 90 degrees

Question 10

as shown by the craig’s test, if a patient has increased external rotation, will you expect them to have increased retroversion or increased anteversion?

Answer 10

retroversion

Question 11

in flexion, is the lumbo-pelvic rhytm ipsildirectional or contradirectional?

Answer 11

ipsidirectional

Question 12

in coming to extension, is lumbo-pelvic rhythm contralateral or ipsidirectional?

Answer 12

contradirectional

Question 13

in normal forward bending, what motion is first?

Answer 13

lumbar motion

Question 14

in lumbopelvic rhythm during rising from a forward flexed position, what motion occurs first?

Answer 14

hip extension

Question 15

if a patient is displaying a right pelvic drop, what type trendelenburg gait is this?

Answer 15

left meaning there is left sided weakness

Question 16

what are the three primary abductors?

Answer 16

gluteus medius
gluteus minimus
tensor fasciae latae

Question 17

what are the three secondary abductors?

Answer 17

piriformis
sartorius
rectus femoris

Question 18

where is our center of mass generally located?

Answer 18

50% of height

s2 level

Question 19

what is normal postural sway for body segment oscillations?

Answer 19

1-2 degrees

Question 20

what is postural sway measurements for the body’s center of pressure?

Answer 20

1-2 cm

Question 21

where is the base of support roughly located?

Answer 21

area between the heels and tip of toes

Question 22

what are 4 aspects of posture that are affected in excessive lumbar lordosis?

Answer 22

anterior pelvic tilt
vertebrae/discs: posterior compression
tight posterior longitudinal ligaments
stretched anterior longitudinal ligaments

Question 23

what types of tightness and force increases occur in increased anterior tilt?

Answer 23

tight hip flexors

increased shear forces at l5/s1

Question 24

what are two ways two compensatory strategies for excessive anterior tilt?

Answer 24

thoracic kyphosis

cervical lordosis

Question 25

what will increased posterior pelvic tilt cause to tighten? what will be compressed

Answer 25

hamstrings | anterior compression on anterior discs

Question 26

will functioning in lumbar flexion decrease or increase with increased posterior pelvic tilt?

Answer 26

decrease

Question 27

what are two side effects that are likely to occur in thoracic kyphosis?

Answer 27

stretch and weakness of thoracic paraspinals | anterior compression of thoracic vertebrae

Question 28

what happens to the upper cervical spine in forward head pathology? what can this cause?

Answer 28

excessive extension subocciptial shortening, which can lead to headaches

Question 29

what happens to the lower cervical spine in forward head pathology?

Answer 29

increase flexion leading to extensor fatigue

Question 30

what happens to the pecs and scapula in forward shoulder pathology? what is a movement pattern you might see here?

Answer 30

tight pecs affecting the brachial plexus | abducted scapula causing stretch weakness of scapula muscles (rhomboids, middle traps, lower traps) as shown by winging.

Question 31

if your patient's left rib is hiked superiorly to the right in forward flexion, how would you document this?

Answer 31

left scoliosis

Question 32

if you give a patient a SMALL forward perturbation, what strategy will they use and what is the order of which muscle groups will they use?

Answer 32

``` ankle pattern ankle dorsiflexors hip flexors abs neck flexors ```

Question 33

what is the order of muscle groups activated in a backward fall using a hip strategy?

Answer 33

abdominals, quads, dorsiflexors

Question 34

what are five dysfunctions associated with slouched sitting?

Answer 34

increased stress on the posterior longitudinal ligaments prolonged l-spine flexion greater joint-shear and compression than standing increased loading and compression of anterior joints