HIST Exam 3 - FLASHCARDS - 3_28 Lecture 5 done

Question 1

What was the Marshall Plan?

Answer 1

General George Marshall planned to rebuild Europe with 13.3 billion dollars in financial and material aid. Soviets rejected aid

Question 2

What was NATO?

Answer 2

North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Intergovernmental military alliance between USA, Canada and 10 western European nations. If you attack one of us, you attack all of us

Question 3

When was NATO formed?

Answer 3

1949

Question 4

What was the Berlin Blockade?

Answer 4

Response to the change in German currency. Stalin blocked road, rail and canal sectors of Berlin under western control

Question 5

When did Germany adopt the Deutschmark currency?

Answer 5

1948

Question 6

What was the Berlin Airlift?

Answer 6

3 parts. 277,246 flights of aid, sending food to Berlin people trapped by Soviets

Question 7

How many states have emerged in Germany in 1949?

Answer 7

2 states. Federal Republic of Germany and German Democratic Republic

Question 8

What was the presidential election of 1948?

Answer 8

Harry Truman ran against Thomas Dewey and won. Certain that Truman would not be reelected.

Question 9

When was the Cold War global?

Answer 9

1953

Question 10

What was the National Security Act?

Answer 10

Department of Def unified armed forces. Air Force, Navy, and ______ popular. Created CIA and NSC

Question 11

When did the Soviets explode their first atomic bomb?

Answer 11

1950

Question 12

What was National Security Council 68?

Answer 12

Called for permanent military buildup of the United States to persue against communism

Question 13

What was agreed at the Yalta Conference?

Answer 13

The Soviet Union could regain supplies lost in fighting against Japanese

Question 14

Who was General Douglas McArthur?

Answer 14

Helped oversee Japanese transition to democracy

Question 15

Who led the Chinese Civil War in 1949?

Answer 15

Mao Zedong

Question 16

What was the Korean War?

Answer 16

Korean divided into Soviet and Allied zones (communist in north and anti-communist in south)

Question 17

When did the Korean War start?

Answer 17

In 1950 when North invades South

Question 18

When does China enter the Korean War?

Answer 18

When General MacArthur launched counterattack at Chinese border

Question 19

What was the 1953 armistice between North and South Korea?

Answer 19

Temporarily ended conflict. 33 thousand US deaths, 1 million Korean deaths, and 2 million civilians

Question 20

What was the Employment Act of 1946?

Answer 20

Authorized the President and the Federal Government to spend federal dollars to promote the maximum amount of employment, production and purchasing power possible.

Question 21

What was the GI Bill of Rights?

Answer 21

Provided opportunities for military veterans and their families: paid for college and provided low-cost home loans so helped build the postwar middle class

Question 22

What was the Fair Deal?

Answer 22

Truman talks about the need for national health insurance, continue new deal benefits, civil rights, increase federal aid for education, and to expand the Tennessee valley authority to continue to try to electrify the south of the country

Question 23

What were the Dixiecrats?

Answer 23

Democrats who oppose civil rights, mostly in the South

Question 24

What was the 22nd Amendment?

Answer 24

Restricted presidents to only 2 terms in office (comes bc FDR had been elected to four terms)

Question 25

What was the House Un-American Activities Committee?

Answer 25

1047. House committee to try to identify any communists in government and media; investigated people during second red scare; investigated Hollywood and ten directors/writers refused to testify and were jailed for a year; Hollywood Ten were seen as heroes by a lot of people

Question 26

What was the second red scare?

Answer 26

started after WW2, fear of communism in Soviet Union which gets nuclear weapons in 1950 and China going communist in 1949; Truman sets up loyalty review of government employees in 1947; HUAC formed 1947; McCarthy holds hearings claiming there are communists in State Dept and gets reprimanded in 1954

Question 27

Who was Senator Joseph McCarthy?

Answer 27

Senator Joseph McCarthy claimed 205 members of State Dept were communist sympathizers. Made a big name for himself, tried to make Democrats look weak on communism; investigations found nothing; then accused the military of having communists and got reprimanded by Senate