Histo Flashcards
(42 cards)
Main difference between Proximal tubule and distal tubule?
Proximal there is a brush border which makes it look like there are cobwebs in the lumen. In the distal, the lumen is mostly clear and there are more clear cell boundaries.
What is this: Looks like a long tube with perfectly ordered simple columnar or cuboidal epithelia
Collecting duct
What things are Mae out of “transitional epithelium”? And what is transitional epithelium?
Minor calyx –> urethra
Multiple layers with the top one being columnar or cuboidal.
Which organ has a star shaped lumen? What else is unique about it?
Ureter
- has 2 muscle layers
- has transitional epithelium
What in the renal/urinary system has 3 muscle layers? What else is unique about it?
Bladder
- outer longitudinal, middle circular, inner longitudinal
- there will not be an image that can get the whole urinary bladder in it so you will only be able to see certain pieces of it.
Which organ has a U shaped epithelium? What else is unique about it?
Female urethra
- transitional epithelium
- 2 muscle layers - inner longitudinal, outer circular
What is the other name for the anterior pituitary/ posterior pituitary?
Anterior - adenohypophysis
Posterior - neurohypophysis
What are the three cell capes in the AP?
Acidophilic, basophilic, chromophobes
What is found in each of the 3 types of cells in the AP? What do they look like?
Acidophilic - GH, Prolactin - pinkish
Basophilic - FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH - darker than Acidophilic
Chromophobes - clear
What are the two cell types in the PP? What do they do? What do they look like?
pituicytes - - dark small staining
Herring bodies - oxytocin and vasopressin - clear and rounder
From outside to inside, what are the Layers of the adren gland?
Capsule – > Zena glomerulosa –> Zena fisciculata –> Zena reticularis –> medulla
What are the distinguishing Features of The one glomerulosa??
Clusters of clearish/pinkish cells
What is the distinguishing characteristic of Zona fisciculata?
They are clearish long “cords”
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Zona reticularis?
Irregular network of branching cords separated by these things called blood sinuses that really just look like cords.
What is the distinguishing characteristic of the medulla?
It is closely packed clusters of cells.
– in EM they contain granules of NE in them.
What will I see in the thyroid gland?
Follicular cells surrounding a large pink blob which is just colloid. This is where TH is stored prior to its release. The more active the colloid is the more clear and broken up it will look. There are also random C-cells which secrete calcitonin sprinkled in.
What types of cells are found in the parathyroid? What do they look like? What do they do??
Chief cells - small cells with dark nuclei - secrete PTH
oxyphil cells - structure of clear staining and large - no role known
Where is melatonin made and what does it look like?
Pineal gland and it looks like sand. Just a blob of sand.
What is the path that sperm takes?
Seminiferous tubules –> straight tubule –> rete testis –> efferent ductile –> epididymis –> vas defrens –> ejaculatory duct (seminal vesicle empties into here) –> prostate –> urethra
What surrounds all of the seminiferous tubules? In other words what is the layer that surrounds the nut?
Tunica albuginea
What is the area that leaves the testicle called? What is it leading to ?
Mediastinum, leading to the straight tubules and rete testis.
What do seminiferous tubules look like?
Depends on how they are cut. They essentially fill the testicle and are very convoluted structures. Can look like large circles stained pink
Where would you find interstitial cells of leydig?
In between the seminiferous tubules.
When zoomed into the seminiferous tubule what kinds of cells are we going to see?
Spermatogonia will be on top and then you will we Sertoli cells with will send out projections to make the blood-testis barrier. Then we will see primary and secondary spermatocytes and finally spermatids.
