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T1- Histology Midterm2 > Histo. nervous tissue > Flashcards

Histo. nervous tissue Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

Nerves arising from the brain are called the _____

A

cranial nerves

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2
Q

Nerves have two physiological properties:

A

excitability & conductivity

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3
Q

The SNS have that two fxn divisions

A

somatic sensory division

somatic motor division

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4
Q

ANS has what three fxn divisions

A 
visceral sensory division (afferent) 
sympathetic division (efferent)
Parasympathetic division (efferent)
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5
Q

_______ is the ability to produce action potential in response to a stim.

A

excitability

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6
Q

______ is the ability to propagate action potential along the neural membrane

A

conductivity

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7
Q

A receptor can change any stim. to an _________

A

action potential

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8
Q

Name the 4 special receptors

A
  1. see
  2. hear
  3. touch
  4. smell
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9
Q

___ conducts action potential away from the cell body

A

axons

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10
Q

____ conduct potentials toward the cell body

A

dendrites

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11
Q

What are the two parts of the neuron that deal with the action potentials

A

axon: away from cell body
dendrite: toward the cell body

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12
Q

_________ cells that support the nerve cells and their processes

A

neuroglial cells

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13
Q

Nerve fibers are extensions of _______

A

neurons

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14
Q

Name the three types of neurons

A
  1. Unipolar, pseudounipolar
  2. bipolar
  3. multipolar
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15
Q

_____ is a type of neuron with one process

A

unipolar / pseudounipolar

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16
Q

ganglia contain the ______ mater

A

grey

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17
Q

_______ is a type of neuron with two process

A

bipolar

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18
Q

_______ is a type of neuron with more than two process

A

Multipolar

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19
Q

Name the 4 different types of multipolar neurons

A
  1. stellate
  2. pyramidal
  3. piriform
  4. granule cells
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20
Q

What is the shape of stellate multipolar neurons

A

star shape

ex: autonomic

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21
Q

What is the shape of a piriform multipolar neuron

A

pear-shaped

ex: cerebeellum

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22
Q

What is the shape of a granule cell of multipolar neurons

A

small with nucleus filling most of the cell

ex: in cerebellum

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23
Q

Golgi type 1 have _____ axons

A

long

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24
Q

Golgi type II have _____ axons

A

short

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25
Golgi type ____ have long axons
type 1
26
Golgi type ___ have short axons
type II
27
Axons send electrical stimulus ______
away from the cell body | There is only 1
28
Dendrites send electrical stimulus _____
to the cell body | there are many
29
_______ are sites of contact btw nerve cells or nerve cells and end organ
synapse
30
What are synapse
sites of contact btw nerve cells or nerve cells and end organs
31
Name the three types of synapse
1. axodentrite 2. axosomatic 3. axoaxonic
32
_____ contain chemical neurotransmitters that release under the effect of the presynaptic action potential
synaptic vesicles
33
_____ facilitate transmission of electrical energy from the presynaptic to the postsynaptic element
synaptic vesicles
34
Where are unipolar/ pseudounipolar neurons located?
spinal gg.
35
Where are bipolar neurons located ?
the retina
36
Myelin sheaths are divided into internodal segments by _____
nodes of ranvier
37
2 fxn of the myelin sheath
1. Insulator | 2. speed up conductivity
38
What is saltatory conduction
the phenomenon by which the conduction is sped up because of the meylin covering of nerve fibers
39
_________ cells lie outside of the myelin sheath
Neurolemma / Schwann's sheath
40
Another name for neurolemma
schwann's sheath
41
Another name for Schwann's sheath
Neurolemma
42
________ wraps around the internodal segment of myelin
Schwann's cells
43
3 roles of the Schwann cells
1. Protective covering 2. role in regeneration of nerves 3. forms myelin sheath
44
An axon arises from the cell body at the ______
hillock
45
The terminal branch of an axon is called____
telodendria
46
The axoplasm in axones are granulated/ or non gradulated
lack granules
47
In axons the Telodendria terminates in bulbous endings called ______
terminal boutons
48
_____ are the fibers in gray matter
Naked fibers
49
______ are fibers of the white matter in the CNS
myelinated without neurolemma
50
_______ are fibers in the spinal nerves
Myelinated with neurolemma
51
______ are fibers of the ANS
nonmyelinated with neurolemma
52
______ cells are cells of support to the nerve cells adn their processes
Neuroglia cells
53
Neuroglia proper are found only in the ___
CNS
54
Modified Neuroglia are found in the ____
CNS and PNS
55
Name the three subtypes of Neuroglia Proper
1. Astrocytes 2. Oligodendroglia 3. Microglia
56
_____ are neuroglia proper cells that have multiple processes ending by perivascular feet around blood vessels
astrocytes
57
Name the two types of Neuroglia proper ASTROCYTES * Where are each found?
1. Protoplasmic - grey matter of CNS | 2. Fibrous - White matter of CNS
58
Neuroglia proper MICROGLIA cells are small ______ cells with processes at the poles
spindle cells - They are phagocytic cells
59
_______ cells are Neuroglia phagocytic cells
Mircolgia | tiny but mighty phagocytic cells
60
Two types of neuroglia proper cells that are derived from ____derm tissue
1. Astrocytes | 2. Oligodendroglia
61
_________ neuroglia proper cell is derived from mesoderm
Microglia
62
__________ neuroglia proper cell forms myelin sheath around nerves
Oligodendroglia | they are the god of myelin
63
Where are modified neuroglia found ?
CNS & PNS
64
Name the three types of modified Neuroglia
1. Neurolemma cells 2. Satellite cells 3. Ependymal cells
65
Neurolemma cells are present only in the _____
PNS
66
________ cells are schwann cells that surround cell bodies of neurons inside gg
Satellite cells
67
_____ cells are columnar cells (modified neuroglia) with some cilia, lining the brain and spinal cord
Ependymal cells
68
Ependymal cells are modified neuroglia cells with cilia that line the _____ & _____
brain & canal of spinal cord
69
4 fxn of Neuroglia
1. support Nerve cells 2. Control flow of maerial to nervous tissue. Feet are around blood vessels making the Blood brain barrier( BBB) 3. formation of myelin by oligodendroglia 4. Defense of CNS via phagocytic microglia
70
_______ is a neuroglia cell that forms myelin around PERIPHERAL nerves
Neurolemma cells
71
_____ forms myelin in the CNS
Oligodendroglia
72
______ is a type of ganglion cell that is found in spinal ganglia
Pseudounipolar nerve cells
73
What type of neuroglia cells contribute to the blood-brain barrier
Astrocytes | Their Perivascular feet
74
_____ is the C.T that separates bundles of nerve fibers inside the nerve
perineurium
75
What is the type of nerve fiber found in the gray matter of the CNS
Naked fibers
76
SYnaptic vescicles release _____ under the influence of the action potential
neurotransmitters
77
What do microglia contain ?
phagocytic cells

T1- Histology Midterm2 (6 decks)

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