histo postlab 2 (original notes)

Question 1

2 Types of Cells

Answer 1

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic

Question 2

Contains a nucleus and organelles (more developed)

Answer 2

Eukaryotic

Question 3

Does not include a nucleus or specialized organelles

Answer 3

Prokaryotic

Question 4

Make up the living structures of the body

Answer 4

Somatic Cells

Question 5

Germs cells

Answer 5

Sex cells

Question 6

Double membrane-bound, control center of the cell

Answer 6

Nucleus

Question 7

Contains chromosomes, each of which consists of a single molecule of DNA

Answer 7

Nucleus

Question 8

Small, discrete, spherical, densely staining structures made up of RNA, produces Ribosomes

Answer 8

Nucleolus

Question 9

Very small rounded bodies found on both ends of the nucleus

Answer 9

Centrosome

Question 10

Regulates the rate of cell division and multiplication

Answer 10

Centrosome

Question 11

Contains Centriole

Answer 11

Centrosome

Question 12

LONG, LINEAR chromatin materials combined with protein molecules

Answer 12

Chromosomes

Question 13

Contains the GENES that represents all the traits of an individual

Answer 13

Chromosomes

Question 14

Genes are composed of

Answer 14

Segmented DNA

Question 15

Protective Layer

Answer 15

Plasma Membrane

Question 16

Gives the size and shape of the cell

Answer 16

Plasma Membrane

Question 17

3 layers and composition of the Plasma Membrane

Answer 17

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids

Question 18

SMALL SPHERICAL SAC formed by budding off from a membrane

Answer 18

Vesicle

Question 19

Materials MOVE INTO A CELL into a vesicle formed from the plasma membrane

Answer 19

Endocytosis

Question 20

Vesicles FUSE with the plasma membrane, RELEASING their contents into the ECF

Answer 20

Exocytosis

Question 21

COMBINATION of endocytosis and exocytosis

Answer 21

Transcytosis

Question 22

ICF, SURROUNDS THE ORGANELLES

Answer 22

Cytosol

Question 23

Site for many chemical reactions

Answer 23

Cytosol

Question 24

Percent of water in MALE total body weight

Answer 24

55-65%

Question 25

Percent of water in FEMALE total body weight

Answer 25

45-55%

Question 26

Percent of water in INFANT total body weight

Answer 26

70-80%

Question 27

NETWORK OF FIBERS extending throughout the cytoplasm

Answer 27

Cytoskeleton

Question 28

Forms the major component of the cilia and flagella

Answer 28

Cytoskeleton

Question 29

Specialized and METABOLICALLY ACTIVE structures/LITTLE ORGANS within the cell

Answer 29

Organelles

Question 30

Translates the genetic code into POLYPEPTIDE CHAINS

Answer 30

Ribosomes

Question 31

Where Ribosomes are attached

Answer 31

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 32

Transport of materials within the cell

Answer 32

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 33

NETWORK OF CONTINUOS SACS, studded with RIBOSOMES

Answer 33

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 34

Involved in the SYNTHESIS OF LIPIDS, CARBOHYDRATES, and DETOXIFICATION of drugs and poisons

Answer 34

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 35

SER metabolizes?

Answer 35

Calcium

Question 36

Specialized portion of ER

Answer 36

Golgi Complex

Question 37

How many cisternae (flattened, membranous sac) does the Golgi Complex have?

Answer 37

3-20

Question 38

Flattened, membranous sac

Answer 38

Cisternae

Question 39

Function of Golgi Complex

Answer 39

Modify Sort Package

Question 40

Temporary storage depots for cellular secretions

Answer 40

Golgi Complex

Question 41

Site for cellular DIGESTION

Answer 41

Lysosome

Question 42

Up to how many digestive enzymes does a lysosome have?

Answer 42

46

Question 43

Smaller than Lysosomes

Answer 43

Peroxisomes

Question 44

Production and degradation of H202 and certain fatty acids and amino acids

Answer 44

Peroxisomes

Question 45

Series of folds

Answer 45

Cisternae

Question 46

Large central fluid-filled cavity inside the mitochondria

Answer 46

Matrix

Question 47

Site for CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Answer 47

Mitochondrion

Question 48

Self replicate during times of increased cellular demand or before cell division

Answer 48

Mitochondrion

Question 49

More prevalent in physiologically active cells

Answer 49

Muscles Liver Kidneys

Question 50

Temporary dumping site for cellular waste

Answer 50

Vacuoles

Question 51

Storage of glycogen and fats

Answer 51

Vacuoles

Question 52

4 types of Cytoplasmic Inclusions

Answer 52

Vacuoles Inclusions Pigments Fat Droplets