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Histology Lecture (Epithelial Cells) Flashcards

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1
Q

Group of similar cells specialized in a common direction to perform a common function

A

Tissues

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2
Q

3 primitive germ
layers tissue is derived from

A
  1. ectoderm
  2. mesoderm
  3. endoderm
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3
Q

4 Primary Tissues

A
  1. Epithelial tissues
  2. Connective tissues
  3. Muscular tissues
  4. Nervous tissues
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4
Q

____________ is made up of ____________, closely arranged and strongly attached to each other that they have scanty intercellular substances.

A
  • Epithelial Tissue
  • Polyhedral cells compact
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5
Q

Epithelial Tissues are attached to ____________

A

extracellular matrix (ECM)

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5
Q

Is avascular or no blood vessels found among the cells.

A

Epithelial Tissue

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6
Q

This means there is no blood vessels found among the cells.

A

Avascular

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6
Q

If the Epithelial tissue is avascular, how and where does it get its nourishment?

A

Nourishment is conveyed through osmosis and
diffusion from blood vessels located at the tunica
propia

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7
Q

Covers the body surfaces and those found as sheets lining the organ cavities.

A

Epithelial Tissue

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8
Q

Epithelial Tissues are usually wet except where?

A

Epidermis of the skin

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9
Q

Some Epithelial tissues are arranged in the form of masses. Give 2 examples.

A
  1. Adrenal gland
  2. Parathyroid gland
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10
Q

Epithelial Tissue Cells are replaced through?

A

Mitosis

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11
Q

3 main functions of Epithelial Tissue.

A
  1. Absorption
  2. Secretion
  3. Covering
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12
Q

Epithelial Tissue Function: Absorption

A

Distribution: Small Intestine

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13
Q

Epithelial Tissue Function: Secretion

A

Distribution: Glands

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14
Q

Epithelial Tissue Function: Excretion

A

Distribution: Kidney Tubules

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15
Q

Epithelial Tissue Function: Protection

A

Distribution: Skin/Epidermis

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16
Q

Epithelial Tissue Function: Sensory Reception

A

Distribution: Neuroepithelium

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17
Q

Epithelial Tissue Function: Lubrication

A

Distribution: Sebaceous Glands

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18
Q

Epithelial Tissue Function: Reproduction

A

Distribution: Lining of the Ovary

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19
Q

Where all epithelial tissue cells are attached.

A

Basement Membrane/Basal Lamina

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20
Q

Provides anchorage for the cells.

A

Basement Membrane/Basal Lamina

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21
Q

Barrier limiting or regulating exchanges of macromolecules b/w CT and other tissues.

A

Basement Membrane/Basal Lamina

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22
Q

Components contribute to image of basement membrane

A
  1. Basal Lamina
  2. Reticular Fibers
  3. Ground Substances
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23
2 layers of Basement Membrane
1. Basal 2. Reticular
24
Type of basement membrane that contains Type IV Collagen and Lamina.
Basal
25
Type of basement membrane that contains type III Collagen and Type VII Collagen.
Reticular
26
It provides support to the epithelium and vascularized CT bed.
Tunica Propia/Lamina Propia
27
T or F: All epithelia has tunica propia.
True
28
Structures Associated with Epithelial Tissues
1. Basement Membrane/Basal Lamina 2. Tunica Propia/Lamina Propia
29
2 Specialization of Epithelial Tissues
1. Tendency to maintain excessive contact with one another. 2. For cell attachment and communication.
30
In __________, it refers to the structural and functional differences b/w 2 ends.
- Columnar Epithelium - Polarity
31
Imaginary line passing through the centrosome and center of the nucleus.
Cell Axis
32
Perpendicular to basal lamina.
Cell Axis
33
Made of feltwork of fine filaments beneath the surface.
Terminal Web
34
Provide mechanical support for ciliated or striated borders.
Terminal Web
35
In the "Tendency to maintain excessive contact with one another," give 3 specializations.
1. Polarity 2. Cell Axis 3. Terminal Web
36
Cell attachment and communication can be observed only by?
Electron Microscopy
37
Give 4 Juxta-luminal Junctional Complex
1. Zonula Occludens/Tight Junctions 2. Zonula Adherens/Intermediate Junctions 3. Desmosomes/Macula Adherens 4. Gap Junctions/Nexus
38
Most apical of the junctions.
Zonula Occludens/Tight Junctions
39
Junction encircle the cell.
Zonula Occludens/Tight Junctions
40
Adjoining cell converge and fused to close intercellular space
Zonula Occludens/Tight Junctions
41
Its outer leaflets of adjacent unit membrane are fused, giving rise to a local pentalaminar appearance.
Zonula Occludens/Tight Junctions
42
It has a mechanical role in maintenance of structural integrity of cells
Zonula Occludens/Tight Junctions
43
Serve as tight seal preventing flow of materials b/w epithelial cells (parallel pathway).
Zonula Occludens/Tight Junctions
44
Responsible for structure called terminal bar
Zonula Occludens/Tight Junctions
45
Extends around the entire perimeter of the cell. found at the apex of the cell.
Zonula Occludens/Tight Junctions
46
2 proteins in Zonula Occludens/TIght Junctions
1. Claudin 2. Occludin
47
Regions where adjacent cells are firmly held together.
Zonula Adherens/Intermediate Junctions
48
Where can Zonula Adherens/Intermediate Junctions can be found (4)?
Found b/w: 1. epithelial cells 2. fibroblast 3. smooth muscle cells 4. intercalated disc of cardiac muscles
49
Also responsible for terminal bar.
Zonula Adherens/Intermediate Junctions
50
Function of Zonula Adherens. Couples what?
Couples Actin
51
Protein of Zonula Adherens/Intermediate Junctions
1. Cadherins
52
Adhering Junctions
- Zonula Adherens/Intermediate Junctions - Desmosomes/Macula Adherens - Hemidesmosomes
53
Impermeable Junctions
- Zonula Occludens/Tight Junctions
54
Communicating Junctions
- Gap Junctions/Nexus
55
Disk-like structure at the surface of 1 cell that is match with identical structure at surface of adjacent cell
Desmosomes/Macula Adherens
56
____________ is only present in stratified squamous epithelium attach the ends of short processes (erroneously interpreted as “___________”)
- Desmosomes/Macula Adherens - Intracellular Bridges
57
Only function is as special adhesion of cells.
Desmosomes/Macula Adherens
58
2 protein of Desmosomes/Macula Adherens.
1. Desmoglein 2. Desmocollin
59
Function of Desmosomes/Macula Adherens. Couples what?
Couples Intermediate Filaments
60
Contact b/w certain epithelial cell and basal lamina.
Hemidesmosomes
61
Protein of Hemidesmosomes.
Integrin
62
Diseases when desmosomes are abnormal.
1. Blistering Disease 2. Bullous Disease
63
Where can Desmosomes can be found?
Stratified Epithelia of esophagus, mouth, and vagina.
64
Bipartite structures of opposing cell membranes.
Desmosomes/Macula Adherens
65
______________ can be mistaken for zonula occludens but _______________.
- Gap Junctions/Nexus - opposing membrane are not fused
66
____________ can occur almost anywhere along ____________ of most epithelial cells.
- Gap Junctions/Nexus - Lateral membranes
67
Gap Junctions are only absent in?
1. skeletal muscle 2. blood cells
68
Well developed in tissues where cells are electrically coupled
Gap Junctions/Nexus
69
Gap junctions are well developed in tissues where cells are electrically coupled: Give 2 examples.
1. cardiac cells 2. smooth muscle cells
69
Protein of Gap Junctions/Macula Adherens.
Connexin
70
It aids in the synchronization of cells. example: the pumping action of cardiac cells.
Gap Junctions/Nexus

Histology Lecture (4 decks)

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