Histology (M1B1)

Question 1

Spermatozoa and the secretions of the accessory glands make up the?

Answer 1

semen

Question 2

Each testis is surrounded by a dense connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea, which thickens on the posterior side to form the mediastinum testis. From this fibrous region, septa penetrate the organ and divide it into about 250 pyramidal compartments or testicular lobules

Answer 2

…

Question 3

what are interstitial cells (aka Leydig cells) responsible for

Answer 3

production and secretion of testosterone.

Question 4

what does the tunica vaginalis consist of?

Answer 4

an outer parietal layer lining the scrotum and an inner visceral layer, covering the tunica albuginea on the anterior and lateral sides of the testis

Question 5

Each testicular artery is surrounded by a rich?

Answer 5

pampiniform venous plexus

(contains cooler blood from the testis, which draws heat from the arterial blood by a countercurrent heat-exchange system)

Question 6

An excessive accumulation of serous fluid in one or both sides of the scrotal sac is termed as?

Answer 6

hydrocele

the most common cause of scrotal swelling and a condition easily corrected surgically.

Question 7

the failure of one or both testes to descend from the abdomen is termed as?

Answer 7

Cryptorchidism

occurs in about 4% of male neonates(newborns)

Question 8

Testosterone is synthesized by enzymes present in the smooth ER and mitochondria similar to the system in adrenal cortical cells.

Answer 8

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Question 9

Testosterone secretion by interstitial cells is triggered by?

Answer 9

pituitary gonadotropin, luteinizing hormone

Question 10

Both interstitial cell tumors and Sertoli cell tumors are rare. Most (95%) testicular cancer involves germ cell tumors, which only appear after puberty and are much more likely to develop in men with untreated cryptorchidism.

Answer 10

…

Question 11

Sperm are produced in the?

Answer 11

seminiferous tubules

Question 12

About 10-20 efferent ductules connect the rete testis to the head of the?

Answer 12

epididymis

Question 13

Each seminiferous tubule is lined with a complex, specialized stratified epithelium called?

Answer 13

germinal or spermatogenic epithelium

Question 14

The basement membrane of germinal epithelium is covered by fibrous connective tissue, with an innermost layer containing flattened, smooth muscle-like called?

Answer 14

myoid cells

Question 15

The germinal epithelium consists of two types of cells:

Answer 15

• Large nondividing Sertoli cells which physically and metabolically support developing sperm cell precursors
• Dividing cells of the spermatogenic lineage

Question 16

spermatogenesis, the first part of sperm production, involves mainly mitosis and meiosis and is fol- lowed by spermiogenesis, the final differentiation process occurring in the haploid male germ cells.

Answer 16

…

Question 17

Seminiferous tubules: location, epithelium, support tissue, function?

Answer 17

• Testicular lobules
• Spermatogenic, with Sertoli cells and germ cells
• Myoid cells and loose connective tissue
• Produce sperm