histology notes Flashcards

(59 cards)

1
Q

Who was the first person to name cells?

A

Hooke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who discovered protists by studying “his own samples”?

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the importance of microscopy in anatomy?

A

Pathology and histology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is pathology?

A

Precise study and diagnosis of disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is histology?

A

The study of tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do pathologists do?

A

Examine tissues, check accuracy of lab tests, and interpret results in order to facilitate patient’s diagnosis and treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does a clinical pathologist do?

A

Oversee lab tests conducted on bodily fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does an anatomic pathologist do?

A

Assist surgeons during operations by providing immediate diagnosis on biopsies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does a forensic pathologist do?

A

Use lab science to answer questions about evidence collected for criminal and civil cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the three parts of the cell theory?

A
  1. All living things are composed of cells
  2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things
  3. Cells come from other cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the two main types of cells?

A

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are prokaryotic cells?

A

Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the importance of prokaryotic cells?

A

Many cause diseases and some are used for vaccines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are eukaryotic cells?

A

Cells that have organelles and have a nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane?

A

Protect and support cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which organelle has selective permeability?

A

Cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of the recognition glycoproteins/glycolipids on the surface of the cell membrane?

A

They are integral for cell communication and self recognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

A

The organelles float inside the cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the cytosol?

A

The watery inside of cell with salts, proteins, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria?

A

Make ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the “powerhouse of the cell”?

A

Mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the function of the ribosomes?

A

Make proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where are the ribosomes usually found?

A

Attached to the rough ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the “railroad system of the cell”?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum

25
What is the function of the rough ER?
Helps package and ship proteins
26
What is the function of the smooth ER?
Detoxification, lipid metabolism, and storage center
27
What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?
Protein packaging and transportation, modifying proteins, forming secretory vesicles, and making lysosomes
28
What are peroxisomes?
Self replicating, detoxifying, membranous sacs containing powerful enzymes
29
What is the function of lysosomes?
Breakdown worn out cell parts
30
Which organelle is abundant in phagocytes?
Lysosomes
31
What is the function of vacuoles/vesicles?
Storage, mucus, and digestive enzymes
32
Where are ribosomes assembled?
The nucleolus
33
What organelle is called the "blueprint of life"?
Chromatin
34
What is the function of the cilia?
Movement (ex: in respiratory system)
35
What is the function of the flagella?
Movement (ex: sperm)
36
What is the function of the microvilli?
Increase surface area (ex: in digestive system)
37
What are three cell extensions?
Cilia, flagella, and microvilli
38
What is the cytoskeleton?
The cell's "bones"
39
What are the three parts of the cytoskeleton?
Microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filamenta
40
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
Vital in cell division, movement, and support
41
What are glycoproteins?
Cell glue
42
What are three different ways cells are joined together?
Glycoproteins, wavy contours, and special membrane junctions
43
What are tight junctions?
Impermeable, leak-proof junctions
44
What is the function of the tight junction?
Prevent digestive enzymes from entering the main bloodstream
45
What are desmosomes?
Anchoring junctions in skin cells
46
What is the function of desmosomes?
Prevent cells from pulling apart
47
What are gap junctions?
Junctions between embryonic cells in the heart
48
What is the function of the gap junction?
Allow communication and flow of items between cells
49
What are the purposes of cells?
Connect, cover, communication, movement, and reproduction
50
What cells help connect body parts?
Fibroblast and erythrocyte
51
What is the function of the erythrocyte?
Carry oxygen and have shed organelles to make room for oxygen
52
What cell covers and lines body organs?
Epithelial cell
53
What cells move organs and body parts?
Muscle cells
54
What cells store nutrients?
Fat cells
55
What do epithelial cells look like?
Honeycombs
56
What do fat cells look like?
Large liquid droplets
57
What cells fight disease?
Macrophages
58
What cells gather information and control body functions?
Nerve cells
59
What are the cells of reproductions?
Oocyte and sperm