Histology Of Billiary Apparatus

Question 1

What is the largest internal organ?

Answer 1

Liver

Question 2

The liver is enclosed in a 1 covered by 2, the diaphragm or the other organs

Answer 2

1) capsule of fibrous CT (Glisson’s capsule)
2) mesothelial layer (visceral peritoneum)

Question 3

First function of the liver

Answer 3

1) Produce many circulating plasma proteins

Question 4

Second function of the liver

Answer 4

Store and maintain vitamin A

Question 5

Third function of liver in vitamin d

Answer 5

converting vitamin D3 to 25-hydroxycholecalciferol

Question 6

Fourth function of liver with iron

Answer 6

synthesizes almost all of the proteins involved in iron transport and metabolism, including transferrin, haptoglobin, and hemopexin

Question 7

Fifth function of liver with drugs

Answer 7

Degrades drugs and toxins

Question 8

Sixth function of liver MAIN FUNCTION

Answer 8

Bile production

Question 9

4 histology cal structures of liver

Answer 9

Parenchyma
Connective tissue stroma
Sinusoidal capillaries (sinusoids)
Perisinusoidal spaces (spaces of Disse)

Question 10

Liver parenchyma

Answer 10

plates of hepatocytes

Question 11

Liver Connective tissue stroma

Answer 11

Continuous with the fibrous capsule of Glisson. Blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and bile ducts travel within the CT stroma.

Question 12

Sinusoidal capillaries (sinusoids)

Answer 12

vascular channels between the plates of hepatocytes.

Question 13

Liver Perisinusoidal spaces (spaces of Disse)

Answer 13

between the sinusoidal endothelium and the hepatocyte

Question 14

What is At the center of the classic lobule

Answer 14

the terminal hepatic venule (central vein) in which the sinusoids drain

Question 15

What is At the angles of the hexagon of classic lobule?

Answer 15

portal areas (portal canals), loose CT characterized by the presence of the portal triads

Question 16

Where is the peri portal space in classic lobule?

Answer 16

At the edges of the portal canal, between the CT stroma and the hepatocytes

Question 17

Hepatocytes are capable of ___

Answer 17

Considerable regeneration

Question 18

Why do the cytoplasm of hepatocytes have a fine foamy appearance

Answer 18

Due to deposits of glycogen

Question 19

PORTAL TRIAD

Answer 19

Bile duct
Portal vein
Hepatic artery

Question 20

Blood is supplied to the liver by two blood vessels:

Answer 20

Portal vein and hepatic artery

Question 21

Blood from branches of the portal vein and the hepatic artery mixes in the ___

Answer 21

Sinusoids of the liver lobules

Question 22

2 types of cells in hepatic sinusoids

Answer 22

Flattened endothelial cells and kupffer cells

Question 23

Space of Disse Lies between the basal surfaces of 1 and the basal surfaces of 2.

Answer 23

1) hepatocytes
2) endothelial cells and Kupffer cells

Question 24

Space of Disse pathway is for
liver secretions other than ___

Answer 24

Bile

Question 25

The space of Disse contains ___ fibers

Answer 25

types I, III and IV collagen

Question 26

Mesenchymal origin of Hepatic stellate cells are the primary storage site for ___

Answer 26

Vitamin A

Question 27

Hepatic stellate cell become ___ after liver injury

Answer 27

Myofibroblasts

Question 28

Direction of bile flow

Answer 28

Opposite to blood flow

Question 29

bile canaliculi transform into the short ___

Answer 29

Canals of Hering

Question 30

Bile flow increases when __, ___, & ___ are released by enterocytes

Answer 30

cholecystokinin (CCK), gastrin, and motilin

Question 31

What maintains structural integrity of liver

Answer 31

Liver reticulum fibers (type III collagen)

Question 32

Three types of lobules

Answer 32

Classic Portal Liver acinus

Question 33

See slide 30

Answer 33

Yuh

Question 34

Axis of portal lobule

Answer 34

interlobular bile duct of the portal triad of the classic lobule

Question 35

The short axis of the acinus is defined by the terminal branches of the _1_ that lie along the border between _2_.

Answer 35

1) portal triad 2) two classic lobules

Question 36

The long axis of the acinus is a line drawn between the ___

Answer 36

two central veins closest to the short axis

Question 37

Two fibers in Glisson’s capsule LIVERRR

Answer 37

collagen and elastic fibers

Question 38

Hormones secreted by the enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine stimulate

Answer 38

contractions of the smooth muscle of the gallbladder

Question 39

The wall of the gallbladder lacks a __ & __.

Answer 39

muscularis mucosae and submucosa

Question 40

Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses

Answer 40

Deep diverticula of the mucosa

Question 41

Function of Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses

Answer 41

thought to presage pathologic changes

Question 42

The nerves enter the liver at the _1_ with the members of the _2_.

Answer 42

1) porta hepatis 2) portal triad

Question 43

Sympathetic fibers innervate

Answer 43

Blood vessels

Question 44

The parasympathetic fibers are assumed to innervate

Answer 44

Large ducts with smooth muscle

Question 45

Exocrine component of pancreas

Answer 45

synthesizes and secretes enzymes into the duodenum

Question 46

Endocrine component

Answer 46

synthesizes and secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon into the blood

Question 47

The intercalated ducts add __ & __.

Answer 47

Water and bicarbonate

Question 48

Duct system of pancreas

Answer 48

Intercalated ducts merge with intralobular ducts and larger inter lobular ducts which join the main pancreatic duct

Question 49

Alpha cells of pancreas

Answer 49

Endocrine Secrete glucagon

Question 50

Beta cells of pancreas

Answer 50

Endocrine Secrete insulin

Question 51

Delta cells of pancreas

Answer 51

Endocrine Secrete somatostatin