HISTOLOGY OF HEART AND BLOOD VESSEL Flashcards
STATE LAYERS OF HEART’S WALL.
- ENDOCARDIUM
- MYOCARDIUM
- EPICARDIUM
DESC THE ENDOCARDIUM LAYER.
- INNERMOST LAYER
- COMPOST OF:
1. ENDOTHELIUM- SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM UNDER LAID BY A THIN, CONTINOUS BASAL LAMINA
2. SUBENDOTHELIAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE- ELASTIC FIBERS AND SOME SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS
3. SUBENDOCARDIAL- CONTAIN SMALL VESSELS, NERVES AND PURKINJE FIBER
DESC MYOCARDIUM.
- CONSIST OF CARDIAC MUSCLE
- CARDIAC MUSCLES:
1. CROSS STRIATIONS
2. NUCLEUS:
> UNINUCLEATED CELL
> OVAL
> LOCATED AT THE CENTRE
3. BRANCHED
4. INTERCALATED DISC
DESC EPICARDIUM.
EPICARDIUM:
- OUTERMOST LAYER OF THE HEART
- IT IS THE VISCERAL LAYER OF THE SEROUS PERICARDIUM
- IT HAS:
1. EPITHELIUM - SIMPLE SQUAMOUS MESTOTHELIUM
2. SUPPORTED BY THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
3. CONSIST OF THE VESSELS, NERVES AND FATS
STATE THE GENERAL STRUCTURE OF THE TUNICA INTIMA.
TUNICA INTIMA:
- INNERMOST LAYER
- THE ENDOTHELIUM LIES ON THE BASAL LAMINA
- BELOW THE ENDOTHLIUM IS THE SUBENDOTHELIUM
- HAS INTERNAL ELASTIC LAMINA THAT SEPERATE THE TUNICA INTIMA FROM THE TUNICA MEDIA.
STATE THE GENERAL STRUCTURE OF THE TUNICA MEDIA.
TUNICA MEDIA:
- IS THE MIDDLE LAYER OF THE VESSELS
- IT MAINLY CONSIST OF THE SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS
- THERE IS ELASTIC FIBRE AND ALSO THE COLLAGEN FIBRE BETWEEN THE MUSCLE FIBRE
- THERE IS EXTERNAL ELASTIC LAMINA THAT SEPERATE THE TUNICA MEDIA FROM THE TUNICA ADVENTITIA.
STATE THE GENERAL STRUCTURE OF THE TUNICA ADVENTITIA.
TUNICA ADVENTITIA:
- IS THE OUTERMOST LAYER OF THE VESSELS.
- IT CONSIST OF THE LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE WHICH IS THE ELASTIC FIBRE AND ALSO THE COLLAGEN FIBRE WHICH ANCHOR THE VESSELS TO THE SURROUNDING TISSUES
- THERE IS ALSO PRESENCE OF VASA VASORUM (VESSELS OF THE VESSELS)
STATE 2 EXAMPLES OF ELASTIC ARTERY.
ELASTIC ARTERY
- AORTA
- BRACHIOCEPHALIC ARTERY
- COMMON CAROTID ARTERY
- SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY
- PULMONARY TRUNK
DESC THE HISTOLOGY OF THE ELASTIC ARTERY.
ELASTIC ARTERY
1. TUNICA INTIMA
- ENDOTHELIUM LIES ON THIN BASAL LAMINA
- SUBENDOTHELIUM IS THICK
- INTERNAL ELASTIC LAMINA IS PRESENT BUT NOT PROMINENT
- TUNICA MEDIA
- HAS ABUNDANT OF ELASTIC FIBRE
- HAS A FEW OF SMC
- EXTERNAL ELASTIC LAMINA IS PRESENT BUT NOT PROMINENT - TUNICA ADVENTITIA
- VASA VASORUM CAN BE SEEN
- LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE CAN BE SEEN
STATE 2 EXAMPLES OF MUSCULAR ARTERY.
MUSCULAR ARTERY IS A MEDIUM SIZED, DISTRIBUTING ARTERY
EXAMPLE:
- AXILLARY ARTERY
- FEMORAL ARTERY
STATE THE HISTOLOGY FINDINGS OF THE MUSCULAR ARTERY.
- TUNICA INTIMA
- HAS ENDOTHELIUM THT LIES ON A BASAL LAMINA
- HAS INTERNAL ELASTIC LAMINA THAT IS PROMINENT AND WAVY. - TUNICA MEDIA
- HAS A FEW ELASTIC FIBRE
- HAS ABUNDANT OF SMC
- HAS EXTERNAL ELASTIC LAMINA THAT IS PROMINENT AND WAVY - TUNICA ADVENTITIA
- VASA VASORUM CAN BE SEEN
- LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE PRESENT
STATE THE EXAMPLE OF LARGE AND MEDIUM SIZED VEIN RESPECTIVELY.
LARGE VEIN
- IVC
- SVC
MEDIUM VEIN
- BASILIC VEIN
- CEPHALIC VEIN
- SAPHENOUS VEIN
STATE THE MICROSCOPIC FINDINGS OF LARGE VEIN.
LARGE VEIN:
1. TUNICA INTIMA
- WELL DEVELOPED
- INTERNAL ELASTIC LAMINA MAY BE PRESENT
- SUBENDOTHELIUM LAYER IS MADE UP BY CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- TUNICA MEDIA
- THIN, FEW LAYERS OF SMC
- FEW ELASTIC FIBRES - TUNICA ADVENTITIA
- THICKEST AND WELL DEVELOPED
- ABUNDANT COLLAGEN FIBRES
STATE THE MICROSCOPIC FINDINGS OF MEDIUM VEIN.
- TUNICA INTIMA
- LESS SUBENDOTHELIAL CT
- NO INTERNAL ELASTIC LAMINA - TUNICA MEDIA
- THIN, FEW SMOOTH MUSCLE LAYERS - TUNICA ADVENTITIA
- RELATIVELY, THICK
- CONTAIN LITTLE MUSCLE, RICH IN COLLAGEN
STATE THE HISTOLOGICAL FINDINGS OF THE ARTERY.
ARTERY
1. TUNICA ADVENTITIA
- THINNER
2. TUNICA MEDIA
- THICKER
- MORE MUSCLE OR ELASTIC TISSUE
3. SHAPED
- REGULAR
4. WALL
- THICK
5. LUMEN
- SMALL
